PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Organs of Government

Parliamentary committees are indispensable to the legislative process. It provides for the opportunity for cross-pollination between the two chambers of the Parliament. Discuss.

How the answer moves

The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.

Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes

Route 1 Wilson: committee-rooms = “Congress at work” full House short on time, hit by disruption detailed work shifts to committees

Route 2 Legislative load too heavy for the floor Articles 105 & 118 empower committees real scrutiny moves off the House floor

Body flow

Constitutional base (Art 105/118) depth via DRSCs (post-1989): technical scrutiny + expert input + non-partisan financial control: PAC (Morris-Jones), Estimates, CPU guard public money Chakshu Roy: identify issues, suggest solutions, flag gaps reports aid interpretation (Kalpana Mehta) cross-pollination: joint + departmental committees seat both Houses together Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha shape a Bill together

Counter-view

Referrals collapse 71% (15th LS) 16% (17th LS) farm laws bypass scrutiny short tenure, weak attendance, non-binding reports Pratap Bhanu Mehta: weak committees feed executive centralisation

Conclusion routes

Route 1 NCRWC: send all major Bills to DRSCs restored committees secure law quality + inter-chamber collaboration

Route 2 Indispensability real but neglected in practice revival = better laws + genuine cross-pollination between the Houses

Model answer

Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.

Handwritten model answer — UPSC PSIR 2025, Organs of Government