10 PM Current Affairs Quiz #63 January 16, 2020

Explanation: Taal Volcano:
•It is located on the island of Luzon, in the Philippines.
•It is classified as a “complex” volcano.
Volcano: A volcano on Earth is a vent or fissure in the planet’s crust through which lava, ash, rock, and gases erupt
Major Types of Volcano
•Cinder cone volcanoes (also called scoria cones): Occur as single volcanoes or as secondary volcanoes known as “parasitic cones” on the sides of composite or shield volcanoes. Example: Mt Tabor, Mt Zion
•Complex/ Stratovolcano: built of layers of the alternating lava flow, ash, and blocks of unmelted stone. They result from a conduit system of vents leading from a magma reservoir beneath the surface. Vesuvius, Taal, Mt Fuji, Mt Cotopaxi.
•Shield volcanoes: huge, gently sloping volcanoes built of very thin lava spreading out in all directions from a central vent. Example: Mauna Loa in Hawaii

Explanation: Recently, Vice Admiral G S Pabby launched the Upgraded High Flash High-Speed Diesel (HFHSD- IN 512)
About Upgraded High Flash High-Speed Diesel (HFHSD- IN 512)
•It has been developed by Indian Oil Corp (IOC). It is being supplied from Haldia and Paradip refinery.
•It has a unique combination of low pour and Cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and High Flash Point.
•It has the highest cetane number amongst all marine diesel fuel.
Significance:
•possesses the best rheological and detergent characteristics
•lesser environmental impact due to low Sulphur content
•provide fuel of better quality than that mandated to all foreign navies under bilateral/ multi-national logistics support pacts
•It would be a key enabler in the Navy’s ‘Mission Based Deployment’ on a global scale.

Explanation: NGO Pratham released the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER 2019). It is an annual survey that aims to provide reliable annual estimates of children’s schooling status and basic learning levels for each state and rural district in India. It was first conducted in 2005.
Key ASER 2019 (Rural) findings
•Enrolment: Since 2007, the enrolment of children for the age group 6 to 14 has been above 95%. 1% of children in the 15-16 age group are not in school.
•Learning Levels:
Five-year-old children in private schools fared better in learning tasks than those in govt. schools and Anganwadi
Only 16% of children in Class 1 can read the text at the prescribed level, while almost 40% cannot even recognize letters.
Only 41% of these children could recognize two-digit numbers
•State-wise Disparity: In Uttar Pradesh, over 60% of Class 3 children cannot recognize letters or read words whereas in Himachal Pradesh over 70% of children are either at grade-level or only close behind.
•Choice of School: Parents are more likely to opt for a private school when selecting a school for boys while government schools are the primary choice of parents when it comes to girls’ education.
Key Recommendations:
•Strengthening and expansion of the existing network of Anganwadi Centres
•Age of students play an important role in the development of language, numeracy, social and emotional learning
•Enrolling students in primary grades at right age important for the overall development
•Age group between 4 to 8 years seen as continuous progressive stages, so curriculum development should be done in accordance with it.

Explanation: At the 93rd edition of the Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan,a resolution was passed demanding the declaration of Marathi as a ‘Classical’ language.
Currently, six languages enjoy the ‘Classical’ status namely Tamil (declared in 2004), Sanskrit (2005), Kannada (2008), Telugu (2008), Malayalam (2013), and Odia (2014).
Guidelines for declaring a classical language:
•High antiquity of its early texts/recorded history over a period of 1500-2000 years;
•A body of ancient literature/texts, which is considered a valuable heritage by generations of speakers;
•The literary tradition be original and not borrowed from another speech community;
•The classical language and literature being distinct from modern, there may also be a discontinuity between the classical language and its later forms or its offshoots.

Explanation: The World Health Organisation(WHO) has endorsed TrueNat which is an indigenous molecular diagnostic tool for tuberculosis(TB) diagnosis.
About TrueNat:
•The TrueNat is a new molecular test that can diagnose TB in one hour as well as testing for resistance to the drug rifampicin.
•The test has been developed by the Indian firm MolBio Diagnostics Pvt Ltd Goa.
•The test works by rapid detection of TB bacteria using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.