Geography Current Affairs Updates for UPSC IAS Prelims 2025 Examination

News– Tulare Lake in California, which had vanished over a century ago, made a comeback in 2023 due to a series of intense atmospheric river events that swept across the state. Key Facts about Tulare Lake: Location: Situated in the San Joaquin Valley, California, USA. It was once recognized as the largest freshwater lake located west of the Mississippi… Continue reading Tulare Lake

News: The Chandrayaan-5 mission, jointly undertaken by ISRO and JAXA, was approved by the Indian Cabinet in March 2025. It aims to explore the Moon’s surface and subsurface for water. Preliminary design work for the lander and rover is now underway. Chandrayaan-5 mission About Chandrayaan-5 Chandrayaan-5, also called LUPEX (Lunar Polar Exploration), this mission is… Continue reading Chandrayaan-5 mission

News: The Centre for Earth Sciences and Himalayan Studies (CESHS) has successfully established the first geothermal production well in Northeast India at Dirang, located in the West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh. Dirang Geothermal Project About Dirang Geothermal Project The first geothermal production well has been successfully drilled in Dirang, Arunachal Pradesh.  The Dirang region… Continue reading Dirang Geothermal Project

News– The US President Donald Trump plans to officially rename the ‘Persian Gulf’ as the ‘Arabian Gulf’ during a visit to Saudi Arabia, aligning with the preferences of Arab Gulf nations. Persian Gulf. About Persian Gulf Location– The Persian Gulf is a shallow marginal sea of the Indian Ocean, located in Western Asia, and bordered… Continue reading Persian Gulf

News- The National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) reported substantial damage to the Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project (KLIP) barrages following the 2023 flooding incident. About Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project (KLIP) It is a multi-purpose irrigation project located on the Godavari River in Kaleshwaram, Telangana. The Godavari River, often referred to as the ‘Dakshin Ganga‘, is the… Continue reading Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project (KLIP)

News– India has halted the flow of water from the Chenab River through the Baglihar Dam in Jammu and Kashmir. This move comes after the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty following the Pahalgam terror attacks. Chenab River. About Chenab river Aspect Details Origin It is formed by the union of two headwaters, Chandra and… Continue reading Chenab River

News- Recently, heavy rain and strong winds lashed Delhi and nearby areas, causing waterlogging and flight delays at the airport. The weather was triggered by a fresh Western Disturbance over northern India. About Western Disturbances Definition– Western Disturbances are eastward-moving, extra-tropical weather systems that bring sudden winter rainfall to the northwestern parts of the Indian… Continue reading Western Disturbances

News: A growing number of sizable companies, from mining giants to energy majors, are embracing the hype for natural hydrogen. About Natural Hydrogen It refers to hydrogen gas that is generated and found naturally in the earth’s crust or atmosphere, rather than being produced artificially through industrial processes. It is also called white/gold/geological hydrogen, to… Continue reading Natural Hydrogen

News: India raises continental-shelf claim in Arabian Sea region by nearly 10,000 square km. About Continental Shelf The ocean floors can be divided into four major divisions: (i) Continental Shelf; (ii) Continental Slope; (iii) Deep Sea Plain; (iv) Oceanic Deeps. Besides, these divisions there are also major and minor relief features in the ocean floors… Continue reading Continental Self

News: The Cosmology Education and Research Training Center (COSMOS), Mysuru, of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics observed ‘Zero Shadow Day’ recently. Zero Shadow Day (ZSD). About Zero Shadow Day (ZSD) ZSD is a fascinating astronomical phenomenon that occurs twice a year in locations situated between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. All… Continue reading Zero Shadow Day (ZSD)

News- Due to extreme heat, the Krishna River has dried up earlier than expected, significantly disrupting irrigation in Karnataka’s Bagalkot, Vijayapura, and Yadgir districts. About Krishna river Origin: The Krishna River originates near Mahabaleshwar in the Western Ghats, located in Satara district, Maharashtra. It is India’s third-longest river, following the Ganges and Godavari. In terms… Continue reading Krishna river

News- China has accused the Philippines of an intrusion into the disputed waters of Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea (SCS). About Scarborough Shoal It is the largest atoll in the South China Sea, situated about 220 km west of the Philippines. While it lies within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the Philippines,… Continue reading Scarborough Shoal

News- After two years of brutal civil war, Sudan’s Tuti Island has been retaken by the national army, but it remains ravaged and largely abandoned. Tuti Island About Tuti Island Location– It is located at the confluence of the Blue and White Niles in Khartoum, Sudan. Bordering urban centres– It is surrounded by the “Three… Continue reading Tuti Island

News: The Ramgarh Dam near Jaipur, which once served as a crucial source of water for the Rajasthan capital, is currently undergoing a survey to identify and remove encroachments and obstructions in its catchment area. Ramgarh Lake. About Ramgarh Lake It is a man-made water body located near Jamwa Ramgarh, approximately 30 kilometers from Jaipur… Continue reading Ramgarh Lake

News: Ministry of Shipping grants first digital NOC for jetty development on National Waterway-68 along River Mandovi in Goa. About Mandovi River The Mandovi River (also known as Mahadayi or Mhadei) is one of the main West Flowing Rivers of Goa State. Alongside the Zuari River, it is one of the two principal rivers in… Continue reading Mandovi River

News: NGT orders the authorities to prevent illegal mining in Aravali land protected under Nicobar swap. Aravalli Range. About Aravalli Range It is a mountain range in northern-western India, running approximately 670 km in a south-west direction. It is one of the oldest fold mountain in the world. It starts from near Delhi, passing through… Continue reading Aravalli Range

News: Slovakia intends to upgrade defence ties with India as Indian President is scheduled to visit the European country. Slovakia. About Slovakia Location: It is a landlocked country in central Europe. Bordering countries: It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the… Continue reading Key Facts about Slovakia

News: A new study by an international team of researchers led by Macquarie University in Australia has called the assumptions around plate tectonics theory into question in light of existence of Hadean protocrust. Hadean protocrust. About Hadean protocrust It is the name for the outermost layer of earth’s crust, when it first formed in first… Continue reading Hadean protocrust

News: An Assam-based environmentalist has flagged the alleged discharge of hazardous effluents by Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) into the Dhansiri River. About Dhansiri river The Dhansiri is a river in India that flows through the Golaghat District of Assam and the Chümoukedima and Dimapur Districts of Nagaland.  It serves as a significant tributary of the Brahmaputra… Continue reading Dhansiri river

News– The tensions have risen in the Arctic region, following the comments made by the US President about annexing Greenland and Canada (including their dispute on the status of the Northwest Passage) added with impacts of climate change and resource competition in the region. Arctic Council. About Arctic Council It is an intergovernmental forum promoting… Continue reading Arctic Council

News: Recently, a powerful 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck near Tonga, triggering a tsunami warning for the Pacific island nation. About Tonga Location– It is located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.  It is an archipelago composed of 169 islands, of which only 36 islands are inhabited.  The island are spread  across three main island groups:Tongatapu, Ha‘apai,… Continue reading Key Facts about Tonga

News- As per NASA, the partial solar eclipse that was set to happen on March 29 this year was visible in Europe, Northwestern Africa, Greenland, and Iceland. About Solar Eclipse A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon comes between the Sun and Earth. It blocks sunlight either fully or partially and casts a shadow on… Continue reading Solar Eclipse

News- After a devastating earthquake ravaged Myanmar recently, India initiated its relief and rescue efforts in the country under the banner ‘Operation Brahma. About Operation Brahma India launched this humanitarian mission after a powerful 7.7-magnitude earthquake struck Myanmar on March 28, 2025. The mission includes rescue teams, medical aid, and essential supplies. An 80-member NDRF… Continue reading Operation Brahma- Myanmar

News– Mount Kenya, Africa’s second-highest peak after Kilimanjaro, is experiencing rapid glacier loss due to climate change. Mount Kenya About Mount Kenya Location: Central Kenya, just south of the Equator. Elevation: 5,199 meters (17,058 feet) at its highest peak, Batian. Peaks: Batian (5,199m), Nelion (5,188m), and Point Lenana (4,985m) Geology: An extinct stratovolcano that has… Continue reading Mount Kenya

News- Japan has expressed strong concerns over the extended presence of Chinese Coast Guard vessels near the disputed Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea. About Senkaku Islands Location: The Senkaku Islands are an uninhabited group of 8 islands situated in the East China Sea. Current Control: The islands are currently administered and controlled by… Continue reading Senkaku Islands