[Answered] Evaluate the role of developed and developing countries in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. How can international cooperation be enhanced to meet the targets of limiting global temperature rise?

The role of both developed and developing countries in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is crucial for addressing climate change. Recently, a report published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), showed that economically developed countries fell short of their promise to jointly mobilize $100 billion towards climate mitigation and adaptation needs of developing countries.

Role of countries in reducing GHG emissions

• Sustainable Development: Developing nations must strike a balance between environmental sustainability and economic growth. This entails introducing sustainable land-use practices, supporting renewable energy sources, and embracing cleaner technology.
• Adaptation Measures: Developing countries should concentrate on putting adaptation measures into place to increase resilience in areas like infrastructure, agriculture, and water resources because they are frequently more susceptible to the effects of climate change.
• Financial Support: Developed nations can give developing countries financial support so they can put climate mitigation and adaptation plans into place. This could involve providing funds for infrastructure that is climate resilient, capacity-building, and renewable energy initiatives.
• Historical Responsibility: Developed countries bear historical responsibility for the majority of cumulative greenhouse gas emissions. They have a moral obligation to take the lead in reducing emissions and supporting developing nations in their efforts.

How international cooperation help to meet targets of reducing GHG emissions

• Financial institutions: Encouraging the Green Climate Fund and other financial institutions can assist in directing funds toward climate-related projects in underdeveloped nations. It is imperative to maintain accountability and transparency in the administration of funds.
• Climate Agreements: It is imperative to take part in international climate agreements, including the Paris Agreement. Together, nations should establish and meet goals for reducing emissions, evaluate their progress frequently, and revise their pledges in light of new scientific findings.
• Capacity Building: Developing nations must be better equipped to analyze, organize, and carry out climate action. Training, institutional capacity building, and knowledge sharing are all part of this.
• Role of the private sector: The OECD report suggested de-risking with government intervention and called on Multilateral Development Banks to integrate private finance mobilization strategies as part of their core objective.

Conclusion

The industrialized and developing worlds must work together to combat climate change. Meeting global climate targets and containing the rise in global temperatures require international cooperation based on shared responsibility and mutual support.