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Skip to content Mains Guidance Program (MGP) for UPSC CSE 2026, Cohort-1 starts 28th January 2025. Registrations Open
Click Here to know more and registration.
Understanding the context
The CDSCO Central Drugs Standard Control Organization registered the child-friendly HIV drug in oral pellet form. This has opened up crucial supplies from Cipla Pharmaceuticals, a dominant player in the HIV segment Cipla developed a different formulation of the child-friendly HIV drug Lopinavir and Ritonavir. Those were pellets of lopinavir and ritonavir, packaged as micro-tablets inside a capsule. The need for new formulation was quality issues with the syrup made earlier by Cipla. The National Aids Control Programme (NACO) had been facing problem to procure quality assured pediatric formulations of the drug after Liponavir syrup ran out of stock. Crisis
NACO completely ran out of syrup comprising the drugs lopinavir and ritonavir which is given to children up to the age of 3 with HIV or AIDS. HIV and AIDS patients need to take their antiretroviral medicines at fixed times every day. Missing or skipping a dose escalates the chances of drug resistance with patients failing to respond to the drugs. Faced with a crisis, the Health Ministry had instructed State AIDS Control Societies (SACS) to purchase the medicine from local markets. However, since the syrup had gone out of production, they were not available in retail markets. What led to the crisis?
The Lopinavir syrup which is a child-friendly HIV drug ran out of stock This happened as Cipla, the sole manufacturer of the drug stopped the production. Non-payment from the Health Ministry was the issue behind stopping the production of the drug. Timeline
2014 : NACO got a stock of lopinavir/ritonavir syrup from Cipla which is the sole maker of the drug in the country.2015 : Cipla stops the manufacture of the syrup and switches over to pellets of the same formulation.October 2016 : NACO issued tenders for syrup but no company bid.January 2017 : NACO issued tenders for the syrup again. The activists working with HIV patients informed them that Cipla has stopped manufacturing the drug.January 2017 : The stock of syrup acquired from Cipla in 2014 ran out.End of February 2017 : NACO requests McNeil & Argus Pharmaceuticals to manufacture the syrup on an emergency basis.March 2017 : struggling with the shortage of life-saving drugs, Children living with HIV (CLHIV) wrote a letter to Prime Minister urging him to address the issue.The significance of the issue :
Children are some of the most vulnerable HIV patients. Lack of child-friendly, quality-assured HIV drugs is one of the major reasons behind the treatment gap between adults and children The registration of pellets is a positive step towards this issue. Discover more from Free UPSC IAS Preparation Syllabus and Materials For Aspirants Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.
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