News: The World Health Organsiation’s recent report on global tuberculosis burden shows that India has made progress in closing the gap between detected and undiagnosed cases in the past eight years.
1. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. It mostly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also spread to other parts of the body (extrapulmonary TB).
2. Common symptoms of TB include persistent cough, chest pain, night sweats, fatigue, weight loss, fever.
3. It is transmitted through air when people infected with TB cough, sneeze, or spit.
4. TB is a preventable and curable disease. Common medications like isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol etc. are used for its treatment.
5. In Drug Resistant TB, the TB bacteria does not respond to the standard drugs. Types of Drug-Resistant TB are A) Multidrug Resistant (MDR) TB B) Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR) TB C) Totally Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (TDR) TB
6. Some of the initiatives launched by the government to combat TB are National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP), Nikshay Poshan Yojana, Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan.
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