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Source: The post is based on the article “Compressed Biogas(CBG) and Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF): Government announces CBG Blending Obligation (CBO)” published in “PIB” on 26th November 2023
Why in the News?
The Minister of Petroleum & Natural Gas has announced CBG Blending Obligation (CBO) to promote production and consumption of Compressed Biogas (CBG).
What is Compressed Biogas (CBG)?
1) Bio-gas is produced naturally (through a process of anaerobic decomposition) from waste / biomass sources like agriculture residue, cattle dung, municipal solid waste, etc. After purification, it is compressed and called as Compressed Bio Gas (CBG).
2) CBG has methane content of more than 90% which is similar to commercially available natural gas in composition and energy potential.
3) It can help reduce carbon emissions and provide additional revenue source for farmers. It can also help reduce import of natural gas and crude oil, ensuring energy security.
What is CBG Blending Obligation (CBO)?
| Specifications | Details |
| What is it | It is a roadmap for mandatory blending of compressed biogas (CBG) in the transportation and domestic segments of the city gas distribution (CGD) sector in a phased manner. |
| Aim | To promote production and consumption of Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) |
| Objectives | 1) To stimulate demand for CBG in CGD sector 2) Import substitution for liquefied natural gas (LNG) 3) Saving in forex 4) To promote circular economy and 5) To assist in achieving the target of net-zero emission |
| Phase wise implementation | 1) Voluntary blending: The blending of CBG with natural gas will be voluntary till FY 2024-2025. 2) Mandatory Blending: It will begin at 1% for FY 2025-26, 3% for 2026- 27 and 4% for 2027-28. From 2028-29 onwards CBO will be 5%. |
| Monitoring Body | Central Repository Body (CRB) shall monitor and implement the blending mandate based on the operational guidelines. |
What is Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF/Bio-ATF)?
1) Sustainable Aviation Fuel or bio-jet fuel is produced from renewable sources such as agricultural waste, municipal solid waste, and forestry residues.
2) It has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80 percent.
3) However, they are more expensive than traditional jet fuel.
How is the Government of India promoting Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF/Bio-ATF)?
Government has approved the initial indicative blending percentages of SAF in Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF):
1) 1% SAF indicative blending target in 2027 (Initially for International flights)
2) 2% SAF blending target in 2028 (Initially for International flights).
UPSC Syllabus: Environment
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