Explained | How does the gut microbiome link to autism spectrum disorders?

Source: The post is based on the article “Explained | How does the gut microbiome link to autism spectrum disorders?” published in The Hindu on 21st February 2023

What is the News?

A study was conducted to understand the link between gut microbiome and Autism spectrum disorder(ASD).

What is Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the term for a group of neurodevelopmental disorders.

According to the WHO, ASD affects one in 100 children. Children with ASD have impaired social interactions, lack verbal and non-verbal communication skills and display restricted and repetitive behaviours. 

These characteristics can adversely affect one’s cognitive abilities and over time diminish one’s quality of life.

At present, there are no known cures and therapeutic interventions available to treat or reverse ASD.

What is the link between the gut microbiome and ASD?

The gut microbiome is believed to have a big impact on immune modulation and metabolic activities in the human body. Immune modulation refers to the efforts of the immune system to ensure its response is proportionate to a threat.

The researchers found potential connections between the gut microbiome to ASD symptoms. They found dysbiosis — an imbalance — in the gut microbiome in children with ASD.

Based on these findings, they concluded that reinstating a balance in the gut microbiome and reversing gut dysbiosis among children with ASD could alleviate many problems they face and improve their quality of life.