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News: A study conducted by NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) in collaboration with WHO, published in the Lancet, has found a quarter of adults living with diabetes globally are in India.
1. Diabetes is a chronic disease in which the body does not produce enough insulin or cannot efficiently utilise the insulin it produces.
2. There are 2 types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2.
3. Type 1 diabetes: It is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system destroys the insulin producing cells in the pancreas. Thus, the body does not produce enough insulin.
4. Type 2: It is a chronic condition caused by a combination of resistance to insulin and insulin deficiency, leading to persistently high blood sugar levels in the body.
5. Common risk factors associated with diabetes are obesity, high blood pressure, stress, genetic factors.
6. Tests used to diagnose diabetes are: A) Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) B) Haemoglobin A1c Blood Test C) Fasting Blood Sugar Test.
