Maha Kumbh Mela increases Ganga pollution and raises concerns

Source: The post Maha Kumbh Mela increases Ganga pollution and raises concerns has been created, based on the article “Watering down: Pollution in Ganga needs long-term solutions, not denialism” published in “The Hindu” on 21st February 2025.

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper3- Environment

Context: The article discusses water pollution in the Ganga during the Maha Kumbh Mela at Prayagraj. It highlights fluctuating contamination levels, with faecal coliform exceeding safe limits. Despite this, Uttar Pradesh’s Chief Minister dismissed concerns. The article stresses the need for sustained cleanup efforts.

How does the Maha Kumbh Mela affect water quality in the Ganga?

1. Around 45 crore visitors have attended the Maha Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj since mid-January. Many people take ritual baths and drink the river water.
2. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) monitors water quality during the festival.
3. On Makar Sankranti (January 14), faecal coliform levels were 11,000 units at Sangam Ghat (4 times the safe limit of 2,500 units).
4. At Old Naini Bridge Ghat, faecal coliform levels were 33,000 units.
5. On other days, levels dropped to 200 and 780 units, showing fluctuations.
6. CPCB also recorded changes in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels.

Is the Ganga water safe for bathing and drinking?

1. A CPCB report (February 3, 2025) stated that on January 12-13, water was not fit for bathing or drinking.
2. The Ganga’s pollution worsens during large gatherings, as seen in the Maha Kumbh Mela.
3. Routine CPCB monitoring shows that the Ganga at Prayagraj is not safe for consumption year-round.
4. Water quality depends on flow and dilution, which varies throughout the year.

How has the government responded to pollution concerns?

1. Uttar Pradesh CM Yogi Adityanath dismissed the CPCB data as “baseless.”
2. The National Mission for Clean Ganga aims to restore the river’s health.
3. Uttar Pradesh, being the largest beneficiary, should focus on continuous cleanup efforts.

Conclusion

1. The Maha Kumbh Mela highlights the urgent need for long-term solutions to Ganga pollution.
2. Authorities should acknowledge scientific findings rather than dismiss them.
3. Science and faith can coexist—ensuring both religious traditions and environmental protection.
4. Denying pollution issues does not help devotees; instead, sustained cleanup efforts are needed.

Question for practice:

Examine the impact of the Maha Kumbh Mela on the water quality of the Ganga and the government’s response to pollution concerns.