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Source-This post on Mxenes has been created based on the article “MXene-coated devices can guide microwaves in space and lighten the payload” published in PHY.ORG on 7 February 2024.
Why in the news?
Researchers have recently reported on the potential of using MXene coatings that can lighten satellite payloads.
About Mxene
Introduction-1) MXenes are an emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) ceramic nanomaterials that were first discovered in 2011.
2) MXenes uniquely combine metallic conductivity, hydrophilic surfaces, and excellent mechanical properties.
Composition-1) They are made from a bulk crystal called MAX.
2) They have the general formula of Mn+1XnTx, where M is an early transition metal, X is carbon and/or nitrogen, and T is a functional group on the surface of an MXene (typically O, OH, and F).
3) Among its various types , titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) is the most widely used.
Salient properties of Mxene
1) High electrical conductivity (6,000 – 8,000 S/cm)
2) Hydrophilic and clay-like surface terminating layers
3) Very high volumetric capacitance (>900 F cm−3)
4) Broad optical absorption from UV to NIR
5) Excellent mechanical properties
6) This unique combination is not found in other 2D materials.Example: Graphene lacks surface functionalization, while other ceramic 2D materials have poor electrical conductivity.
Application of Mxene
1) Energy Storage-They are used in storing energy.For example-Batteries (Li-ion, Li-S, Al-ion), Supercapacitors and Hydrogen storage.
2) Electromagnetic Shielding-Radar absorption and 5G communication.
3) Water Purification-Desalination membranes,Selective separation and Selective separation.
4) Composites-Polymer reinforcement and Ceramic matrix composites.
UPSC Syllabus-Science & technology.
