Time to decide-Infrastructure development in the hills cannot be the same as in the plains

Source: The post is based on the article “Time to decide-Infrastructure development in the hills cannot be the same as in the plains” published in “The Hindu” on 6th September 2023.

Syllabus: GS3- Environment – environment conservation

News: The article discusses concerns about flood damage in north India, with the Chief Justice suggesting a study on the Himalayan region’s sustainability. The Centre proposes a committee to address these concerns, focusing on balancing population growth, infrastructure, and the area’s delicate environment.

What is the “Carrying Capacity”?

The “carrying capacity” is a concept taken from population biology. It refers to the maximum number of a species that can live sustainably in a specific ecosystem without harming it. If the population exceeds this capacity, the environment may get damaged, leading to a natural decrease in species numbers.

What environmental challenges are faced in the Himalayan states?

Population Growth: The Himalayan States struggle to support an increasing number of residents without harming the environment.

Infrastructure Needs: They need roads and buildings, but construction can damage the delicate ecosystem. For example, post the 2013 Uttarakhand floods, road-widening projects continued despite concerns.

Fragile Geography: The region’s unique topography makes development tricky. In January, land issues in Joshimath, Uttarakhand showed this.

Balancing Act: There’s a need to balance between development and preserving the environment. Himachal Pradesh’s recent floods, caused by building on vulnerable mountains, are a case in point.

What are the various proposals to overcome these challenges?

Expert Committee Suggestion: Chief Justice D.Y. Chandrachud recommended an expert committee to conduct a “complete and comprehensive” study on the Himalayan region’s carrying capacity.

Technical Committee Proposal: Following the suggestion, the Centre proposed a 13-member technical committee to delve into the matter.

Carrying Capacity Guidelines: In 2020, the Centre circulated guidelines among the 13 Himalayan States. The goal was to assess the carrying capacity of hill stations, cities, and eco-sensitive zones in these states.

Reminder from Environment Ministry: The Environment Ministry reminded the states in May to undertake the aforementioned study and submit their findings.