Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – August 3, 2018

Statement 1 is correct. Warabandi systme is an equal distribution of canal water in the command area of the outlet. It is recommended to use this system effectively to reduce the conveyance loss of water

Statemetnt 2 is correct. Intrusive irrigation is a strategy of irrigation development where per unit application of water is high

Duncan Passage is located between South Andaman and little Andaman. It is a strait in the Indian Ocean. It is about 48 km (30 miles) wide; it separates Rutland Island (part of Great Andaman) to the north, and Little andaman to the south. West of Duncan Passaqe is the Bay of Bengal; east is the Andaman Sea.

Statement 1 is correct.

The Western Himalayas Extends till west of River Kali (around 80°E Longitude).

Statement 2 is correct.

The dominant vegetation in the western Himalayas is Coniferous forests and alpine vegetation. The Natural vegetation reflects the impact of lower rainfall.

Statement 3 is incorrect.

Snowline is lower than Eastern Himalayas. Precipitation in western Himalayas is comparatively low and occurs mostly as snowfall whereas in eastern Himalayas the precipitation is greater and occurs mostly in the form of rain. Therefore, net accumulation of snow is more in Western Himalayas.

Snowline is the boundary on a mountain beyond which there is perpetual (permanent) snow.

Statement 1 is incorrect.

Meteorological drought is a situation when there is a prolonged period of inadequate rainfall marked with mal-distribution of the same over time and space.

According to India Meteorological Department, meteorological drought over an area is defined as a situation when the seasonal rainfall received over the area is less than 75% of its long term average value. It is further classified as “moderate drought” if the rainfall deficit is between 26-50% and “severe drought” when the deficit exceeds 50% of the normal.

Statement 2 is correct.

Agricultural drought is also known as soil moisture drought, characterized by low soil moisture that is necessary to support the crops, thereby resulting in crop failures. If an area has more than 30 percent of its gross cropped area under irrigation, the area is excluded from the drought –prone category.

Statement 1 is correct.

The Kaveri rises in the Brahmagri range of the Western Ghats and it reaches the Bay of Bengal in south of cuddalore, in Tamil Nadu. Total length of the river is about 760 km.

Statement 2 is correct.

Cauveri has many tributaries including Shimsha, Hemavati, Arkavathy, Kapila, Honnuhole, Lakshmana Tirtha, Kabini, Lokapavani, Bhavani, Noyyal and Amaravati.

Statement 3 is correct: Kaveri passes through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. However, its basin drains parts of Kamataka, Kerla and Tamil Nadu.

Jute is known as golden fibre. Jute grows well on well-drained fertile soils in the flood plains where soils are renewed every year. High temperature is required during the time of growth.

At present, India produces about three-fifth of jute production of the world. West Bengal accounts for about three-fourth of the production in the country.

It is also grown in Bihar, Assam and other adjoining areas. Being concentrated only in a few states, this crop accounts for only about 0.5 per cent of total cropped area in the country.

It is used in making gunny bags, mats, ropes, yarn, carpets and other artefacts. Due to its high cost, it is losing market to synthetic fibres and packing materials, particularly the nylon.

Statement 1 and 3 are incorrect.

Collective farming can be state enforced not co-operative farming. In Cooperative farming, a group of farmers from a co-operative society by pooling in their resources volntarily for more efficient and profitable farming. Individual farms remain intact and farming is a matter of cooperative initiative. Is it not state sponsored. Profit is distributed among the member- farmers in the ratio of land owned by them.

Since ancient times, Indian farmers have been giving mutual aid to each other in weeding, harvesting etc.

Examples:

Phad in Kolhapur(Maharashtra) Gallashi in Andhra Pradesh.

Statement 2 is correct.

The basic principle behind Collective Farming is based on social ownership of the means of production and collective labour. Collective farming or the model of Kolkhoz was introduced in erstwhile Soviet Union to improve upon the inefficiency of the previous methods of agriculture and to boost agricultural production for self-sufficiency.

The farmers used to pool in all their resources like land, livestock and labour. However, they were allowed to retain very small plots to grow crops in order to meet their daily requirements.

In state sponsored collective farming, yearly targets were set by the government and the produce was also sold to the state at fixed prices. Produce in excess of the fixed amount was distributed among the members or sold in the market. The farmers had to pay taxes on the farm produces, hired machinery etc. The members were paid according to the nature of the work allotted to them by the farm management.