Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – February 19, 2018

The French plan of sending troops to India was crushed by Nelson of British in Battle of Nile. Three British armies marched into Mysore and siege Shrirangpatnam. One of the commanders of Tipu, Mir Sadiq was bought by the British, he deceived Tipu and the result was that Tipu, amid the English advantageous position, was shot and killed.

Tipu had used the iron cased rockets in the Third and Fourth Mysore wars.

It led the British to develop their own versions of the Rockets. The Woodyar dynasty was restored on the throne of the Mysore and Mysore came indirectly under the British. Thus, with the end of Fourth Mysore war, Mysore became a princely state with suzerainty of the East India Company.

Pair 1 is correct. Fort William is located in Calcutta, built during the early years of the Bengal Presidency of British India. It sits on the eastern banks of the River Hooghly, the major distributary of the River Ganges.

Pairs 2 is incorrect. In 1639, Francis Day established the city of Madras and constructed the Fort St. George.

Pair 3 is incorrect. French Fort Louis located in Puducherry was one of the earlier establishments of the French built around the year 1709.

Statement 1 and 2 are correct. Cornwallis was merciful by temperament. He hated barbarous punishments and abolished those like mutilation and trial by ordeal.

Cornwallis was better known as a law giver than as an administrator. With the help of his colleague, George Barlow, Cornwallis prepared a comprehensive code, covering the whole field of administration’, judicial, police, commercial and fiscal. This Code was based upon the principle of Montesquieu, “the Separation of Powers”, which was popular in the West in 18th century. In order to curb undue exercise of authority Cornwallis made all officials answerable to the courts.

Statement 3 is incorrect. Cornwallis reformed the Board of Trade which managed the commercial investments of the Company. With the aid of Charles Grant, he eradicated numerous abuses and corrupt practices. Fair treatment was given to weavers and Indian workers. He increased the remuneration for honest service.

Statements 1 and 3 are correct. In order to stop company officials from indulging in private businesses and corrupt practices, Lord Cornwallis started the purification of the civil service by the employment of capable and honest public servants. He found that the servants of the Company were underpaid. He persuaded the Directors of the Company to pay handsome salaries to the Company servants.  

Cornwallis inaugurated the policy of making appointments mainly on the basis of merit thereby laying the foundation of the Indian Civil Service.

Statement 2 is incorrect. To cut down on extravagances, Cornwallis abolished a number of surplus posts

All the statements are correct.  

As per the Jain philosophy, the world is not created, maintained or destroyed by a God but functions through a universal or eternal law. The universe is eternal. Its existence is divided into cycles of progress (utsarpni) and declines (avasarpini). The universe functions through the interaction of living souls (jiva) and everything in the universe has a soul. The purification of the souls is the purpose of living, for it is only the pure soul after being released from the body that resides in bliss. The souls are found not only in the living beings like animals and plants but also in stones, rocks, water etc.

The soul which has finally set itself free rises at once to the top of the universe, above the highest heaven, where it remains in an inactive omniscient bliss through eternity. This for the Jains is nirvana.

According to Jainism salvation is possible only by abandoning all possessions, a long course of fasting, self-mortification, study and meditation. Hence, the monastic life is essential for salvation.

Both the statements are correct. The East India Company found that the expansion through war was very costly and it had increased the debt of the Company, so they stopped that policy. On the other hand, when Napoleon was becoming the threat in Europe, Britain economic condition was not sound.

Statement 1 and 3 are correct. The Mughal administrative and revenue system was introduced by Haider Ali.

Haider Ali established a modern arsenel in Dindigal with help of French experts to prepare his army in modern way.

Statement 2 is incorrect. The changes of introduction of new calender, new system of coinage and new scales of weight & measures are brought by Tipu Sultan. Haider ali was not responsible for these types of changes in the state of Mysore.