Hype around new weight loss and diabetes drugs like Ozempic, Saxenda, Wegovy, and Zepbound

Source: The post hype around new weight loss and diabetes drugs like Ozempic, Saxenda, Wegovy, and Zepbound has been created, based on the article “Is Ozempic really the miracle weight loss drug we’ve been waiting for?” published in “Indian express” on 26th July 2024

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3-Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life

Context: The article discusses the hype around new weight loss and diabetes drugs like Ozempic, Saxenda, Wegovy, and Zepbound. These drugs promise significant weight loss and health benefits but are expensive, have potential side effects, and may not work for everyone. True health requires diet and exercise.

What is the hype around new weight loss drugs?

1. Promising Results: The new weight loss drugs, primarily GLP-1 receptor agonists, offer significant weight loss, between 15% and 24% of body weight, comparable to bariatric surgery results.
2. High Expectations: They are marketed as a breakthrough in combating obesity and diabetes, offering protection against major health issues like heart disease.
3. Widespread Attention: Major pharmaceutical companies like Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly have seen their market capitalization soar, with Novo Nordisk’s reaching over $570 billion, surpassing the Danish economy.
4. Rising Demand: Despite supply shortages, the demand for these drugs has surged, driven by societal pressures and the allure of easy weight loss, pushing drug prices higher and fueling a grey market.

What are the major concerns related to these drugs?

1. Side Effects: Users report severe nausea, vomiting, stomach paralysis, and depression. Some evidence links these drugs to thyroid cancer and pancreatitis in individuals with certain genetic histories.
2. Long-Term Risks: Side effects may take up to a decade to fully emerge, creating uncertainty about long-term safety.

3.Shift in Focus: Originally intended for diabetes, the emphasis has shifted to weight loss, raising concerns about the true intent of these drugs.

4. Economic Impact: High demand and limited supply have driven up prices, making these drugs an aspirational luxury and creating a grey market.
5. Temporary Solutions: Weight loss can plateau without diet and exercise. Studies show that weight can return after stopping the drugs.
6. Body Image Issues: These drugs may promote an unhealthy obsession with thinness, overlooking the complex causes of obesity like hormonal imbalances and mental health issues.

Conclusion

True health requires a balance of diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes. While these drugs can help those with morbid obesity, they are not a cure-all. They may lead to unrealistic expectations and an unhealthy focus on body image.

Question for practice:

Discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of the new weight loss drugs like Ozempic, Saxenda, Wegovy, and Zepbound.