10 PM Current Affairs Quiz #20 November 23, 2019

Explanation: According to Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI), report, titled ‘India Internet 2019’, Delhi NCR has the highest internet penetration (69%) followed by Kerala (54%). Internet penetration rate (defined as number of individuals aged above 12 per 100 population who accessed the Internet in the last month; survey period January-March 2019).
The lowest penetration rate was in Odisha (25), Jharkhand (26) and Bihar (28).
The IAMAI report also notes that Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Delhi have the highest proportion of female Internet users. Further, TRAI data as of June 2019 show that Kerala is well-placed in terms of Internet connections. It stands fourth among all telecom service areas in terms of Internet subscriptions per 100 population, behind Delhi, Punjab and Himachal Pradesh

Explanation: The Spanish capital city of Madrid will be hosting the world’s annual climate conference, called COP-25 (Conference of the Parties) from 2 to 13 December 2019. This decision was taken following Chile’s stepping down as host for the COP-25 event due to the ongoing street protests in South American country.
The COP is the supreme decision-making body of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). All States that are Parties to Convention are represented at COP which meets every year, unless the Parties decide otherwise. The COP meets in Bonn (the seat of UNFCCC secretariat), unless a Party offers to host its session. The first COP meeting was held on March 1995 in Berlin, Germany.
At the COP the Parties review the implementation of Convention and any other legal instruments that COP adopts and take decisions necessary for promoting effective implementation of Convention, which includes institutional as well as administrative arrangements.
COP Presidency rotates among 5 recognized UN regions, namely, Asia, Central and Eastern Europe Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Western Europe and Others. There is also a tendency that the COP venue also shifts among these groups.

Explanation: India Justice Report 2019 has been prepared by Tata Trusts in collaboration with Centre for social Justice, Common Cause, Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative, Daksh, TISS-Prayas and Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy.
It is India’s first-ever ranking of states on justice delivery. The report looks into the ‘four pillars’ – of Judiciary, Legal Aid, Police and Prisons, and analyses the budgets, human resources, personnel workload, diversity, infrastructure and trends against the government’s declared standards and benchmarks.
Overall ranking: Maharashtra has topped the list of states in delivering justice to people followed by Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Punjab and Haryana. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar ranked at the bottom. Among the small states (where population is less than one crore each), Goa has topped the list followed by Sikkim and Himachal Pradesh. Tripura ranked at the bottom.
Policing: The best score was achieved by Tamil Nadu – 6.49. UP received the lowest score- 2.98. UP fared poor in terms of budgeting, spending on police per person, vacancies and diversity.
Prisons: Jharkhand performed the worst with a score of 3.46. It was followed by Uttarakhand (3.72), Punjab (4.35). The best in this regard was Kerala with a score of 7.18.
Judiciary: Bihar, with a score of 2.41, fared the worst in this regard. It was followed by UP (3.7), Karnataka, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand. Tamil Nadu featured on the top in terms of judiciary with a score of 6.99. It was followed by Punjab, Haryana and Maharashtra.
Legal aid: The report has said that almost 80% of India’s 1.25-billion population is eligible for free legal aid, but only 15 million people have availed it since 1995.

Explanation: The central government has decided to expand the reach of the Smart Safety Surveillance or 3S programme to optimize post-marketing surveillance of priority drugs and vaccines.
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is the national regulatory body for Indian pharmaceuticals and medical device
CDSCO functions under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. It comes under Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.
CDSCO is responsible for
(a) approval of New Drugs
(b) Conduct of Clinical Trials,
(c) laying down the standards for Drugs
(d) control over the quality of imported Drugs in the country and
(e) coordination of the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice with a view to bring about uniformity in the enforcement of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act.

Explanation: A UN committee has passed a Russian-led resolution entitled “Countering the use of information and communications technologies for criminal purposes”. India has voted in favour of the resolution.
About “Countering the use of information and communications technologies for criminal purposes”
Aim: The resolution is aimed at promoting a global consensus and working out concrete and practical approaches to countering cybercrime in the absence of effective international legal instruments.
Key provisions:
•Commitment to use information and communications technology (ICTs) exclusively for peaceful purposes,
•Respect the sovereignty of states in the information space,
•Cooperate in the fight against the criminal or terrorist use of ICTs,
•Prevention of the proliferation of malicious ICT tools and techniques and the use of harmful hidden functions