10 PM Current Affairs Quiz: January 13, 2021

Statement 1 is incorrect. The protection against the laws by Parliament is not provided to Directive Principles as it is explicitly provided to Fundamental Rights under Article 13.
Article 13(2) state that the State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by this Part and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of the contravention, be void.
Statement 2 is correct. Article 13(3): In this article, unless the context otherwise requires,—
(a) “law” includes any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law;
(b) “laws in force” includes laws passed or made by a Legislature or other competent authority in the territory of India before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that any such law or any part thereof may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.
Article 13(4) Nothing in this article shall apply to any amendment of this Constitution made under article 368.

Union Territories are administrated by the President acting to such extent, as he thinks fit, through an Administrator appointed by him. Administrators of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Delhi and Puducherry are designated as Lieutenant Governors. The new Union Territories of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh also have separate Lt Governors.
The Governor of Punjab is concurrently the Administrator of Chandigarh. The UT Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu; and UT Lakshadweep have Administrators.

On 28 December 1885, the Indian National Congress was founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay, with 72 delegates in attendance. Hume assumed office as the General Secretary, and Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee of Calcutta was elected President.
On September 11, 1893 Swami Vivekanand delivered an iconic and eloquent speech at the Chicago Convention of Parliament of Religions. Introducing Hinduism to the world, Swami Vivekanand spoke about intolerance, religion and the need to end all forms of fanaticism.
Rand was appointed on February 10, 1897 as an Assistant Collector and Chairman, Poona Plague Committee. On June 22, 1897, Chapekar brothers – Damodar (27), Balkrisha (24) and Vasudev (17 or 18) – shot Rand and Lieutenant Charles Ayerst (mistaking him for Rand before he was located in the preceding carriage).

Spintronics, or spin electronics, refers to the study of the role played by electron (and more generally nuclear) spin in solid state physics, and possible devices that specifically exploit spin properties instead of or in addition to charge degrees of freedom.
The need for attaining new functionalities in modern electronic devices has led to the manipulation of property of an electron called spin degree of freedom along with its charge. This has given rise to an altogether new field of spin-electronics or ‘spintronics’.
Scientists at Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali (Punjab), an autonomous institution of Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, have produced an ultra-high mobility 2d-electron gas(2DEG) at the interface of two insulating oxide layers.

Statement 1 is correct. The Foreign Trade Policy is notified by Central Government, in exercise of powers conferred under Section 5 of the Foreign Trade (Development & Regulation) Act, 1992 which states that ‘the Central Government may, from time to time, formulate and announce, by notification in the Official Gazette, the foreign trade policy’.
Statement 2 is correct. India’s FTP has conventionally been formulated for five years at a time. The FTP 2015-20 came into effect on 1stApril 2015 and the same was extended by one year till 31 March 2021, due to Covid-19 pandemic.
# Meeting of the Parliamentary Consultative Committee of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry was held today on the subject “New Foreign Trade Policy 2021-26”.

‘Kayakalp Award Scheme’ was launched in 2015 as an extension of ‘Swachh Bharat Mission’. Aim of initiative which to improve and promote the cleanliness, hygiene, waste management and infection control practices in public health care facilities and incentivize the exemplary performing facilities.
The scheme is intended to encourage and incentivize Public Health Facilities (PHFs) in the country to demonstrate their commitment for cleanliness, hygiene and infection control practices.
# 5th National Kayakalp Awards were inaugurated recently.
# The success of Kayakalp is duly recognized in Global Baseline Report 2019 published by WHO, UNICEF and JMP.

Both statements are correct.
To assist the hospitality industry in their preparedness to continue operations safely and mitigate risks arising out of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Tourism has partnered with the Quality Council of India (QCI), to assist the Hospitality Industry through an initiative called SAATHI (System for Assessment, Awareness and Training for Hospitality Industry).
SAATHI has been developed based on the COVID-19 guidelines, with a provision to incorporate State specific hygiene and safety requirements encompassing the following 10 elements of SAATHI:
–Management Commitment, Hygiene and Sanitization, Safety Advisories in Hotel Operations, Communication, Training & Awareness, Preventive Measures, Transport Management, Vendor Management, Ventilation, Waste Management and Control of Discriminatory Practices.
Under the initiative, a Hotel/Unit goes through the SAATHI framework and agrees to follow the requirements wherever applicable to the fullest extent possible. A self-certification is issued.

The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) recently completed five years in operation. Premium cost over and above the farmer share is equally subsidized by States and GoI. However, GoI shares 90% of the premium subsidy for North Eastern States to promote the uptake in the region. Risks covered under PMFBY:
–Yield losses due to non-preventable risks, such as (i) Natural Fire and Lightning (ii) Storm, Hailstorm, Cyclone, Typhoon, Tempest, Hurricane, Tornado etc. (iii) Flood, Inundation and Landslide (iv) Drought, Dry spells (v) Pests/ Diseases etc.
–In cases where majority of the insured farmers of a notified area, having intent to sow/plant and incurred expenditure for the purpose, are prevented from sowing/planting the insured crop due to adverse weather conditions
–Post Harvest (individual farm basis) Coverage is available upto a maximum period of 14 days from harvesting specific perils of cyclone / cyclonic rains, unseasonal rains throughout the country.
–Localised Calamities (individual farm basis) Loss resulting from occurrence of identified localized risks i.e. hailstorm, landslide, and Inundation affecting isolated farms in the notified area.

Vietnam is bordered by China to the north, the South China Sea to the east and south, the Gulf of Thailand (Gulf of Siam) to the southwest, and Cambodia and Laos to the west.

# 13th India-Vietnam Defence Security Dialogue held recently reviewed the progress on various bilateral defence cooperation initiatives and expressed commitment to further elevate engagements between the Armed Forces under the framework of the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership.

Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary on Delhi-Haryana border lies in Southern Delhi as well as northern parts of Faridabad and Gurugram districts of Haryana state.
Sanctuary is located on Southern Ridge, the northern terminal of Aravalli Hills, one of the oldest mountain systems of the world. Biodiversity significance of Ridge lies in its merger with IndoGangetic plains.