10 PM Current Affairs Quiz: January 6, 2021

The Delhi Durbars were grand events organised by the Viceroys to mark the coronations of Emperors or Empresses. Hence, these were also known as the Coronation Durbars.
Option 1 is correctly matched. In 1876, Queen Victoria in addition to her title of ‘Queen of Great Britain and Ireland’ assumed the title of ‘Empress of India’. The Viceroy, Lord Lytton was asked to proclaim this on her behalf throughout India. He decided to hold an Imperial Assemblage at Delhi on 1st January 1877 for this purpose.
Option 2 is incorrectly matched. Delhi Durbar 1903 marked the succession of Edward VII. On the orders of King Edward VII, it was attended by the Duke of Connaught.
Option 3 is incorrectly matched. The Darbar of 1911 marked the succession of King George V. This Durbar was historic for two reasons; one it was the only one attended by the Emperor himself and second, this was where the shifting of the Imperial Capital from Calcutta to Delhi was announced.

Statement 1 is correct. The size of toy market in India is about one billion USD but unfortunately 80% of the toys are imported.
Statement 2 is correct. Ministry of Education, Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD), Ministry of Textile, Ministry of Commerce and Industries, Ministry of MSME, Ministry of I&B and All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) have jointly launched Toycathon-2021.
This is a special kind of hackathon where students and teachers from schools and colleges, design experts, toy experts and startups will get together to crowd source ideas for developing toys and games that are based on Indian culture and ethos, local folklore and heroes, and Indian value systems.

Option 1 and 2 are correct. Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All (UJALA) and Street Lighting National Programme (SLNP) are being implemented by Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL), a joint venture of PSUs under the Ministry of Power, Government of India since their inception.
Under UJALA, EESL has distributed over 36.69 crore LED bulbs across India. This has resulted in estimated energy savings of 47.65 billion kWh per year with avoided peak demand of 9,540 MW and estimated GHG emission reduction of 38.59 million tonnes CO2 per year.
With SLNP, EESL has installed about 1.14 crore LED streetlights across India. This has resulted in an estimated energy savings of 7.67 billion kWh per year with avoided peak demand of 1,280 MW and estimated GHG emission reduction of 5.29 million tonnes CO2 per year.
Option 3 is incorrect. Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas is implemented the “Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana” (PMUY) providing concessional LPG connections especially the women living below poverty line (BPL) to make smoke free Rural India.

Both statements are correct.
Every January, thousands of volunteers across Asia and Australasia visit wetlands in their country and count waterbirds. This citizen science programme is the Asian Waterbird Census (AWC). The AWC is an integral part of the global waterbird monitoring programme, the International Waterbird Census (IWC), coordinated by Wetlands International.
It runs in parallel with other regional programmes of the International Waterbird Census in Africa, Europe, West Asia, the Neotropics and the Caribbean.
# The recommended dates for the AWC are 2 – 18 January 2021.

The Climate Research and Services (CRS) of the India Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued a Statement on Climate of India during 2020.
Statement 1 is incorrect. The annual mean land surface air temperature averaged over India during 2020 was above normal. During the year, annual mean land surface air temperature averaged over the country was +0.290C above normal (based on the data of 1981-2010). The year 2020 was the eighth warmest year on record since nation-wide records commenced in 1901.
The five warmest years on record in order were: 2016 (+0.710C), 2009 (+0.550C), 2017 (+0.5410C), 2010 (+0.5390C), and 2015 (+0.420C).
Statement 2 is incorrect. The 2020 annual rainfall over the country as a whole was 109% of its Long Period Average (LPA) based on the data of 1961-2010.

The Nile River flows from south to north through eastern Africa. It begins in the rivers that flow into Lake Victoria, and empties into the Mediterranean Sea more than 6,600 kilometers to the north, making it one of the longest river in the world.
In addition to Egypt, the Nile runs through or along the border of 10 other African countries, namely, Burundi, Tanzania, Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Uganda, Sudan, Ethiopia, and South Sudan. Its three main tributaries are the White Nile, the Blue Nile, and the Atbara.
# Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt agreed recently to resume negotiations to resolve their complex dispute over the Grand Renaissance Dam hydropower project in the Horn of Africa.
# The 145-meter-tall (475-foot-tall) Grand Renaissance Dam hydropower project, when completed, will be Africa’s largest.

Statement 1 and 2 are incorrect. More widespread in winter, the Indian skimmer is found in the coastal estuaries of western and eastern India.
Once distributed across the Indian Subcontinent, Indian skimmers are mainly found along large rivers in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Nepal. It occurs primarily on larger, sandy, lowland rivers, around lakes and adjacent marshes and, in the non-breeding season, in estuaries and coasts.
Statement 3 is correct. Indian Skimmer (Rynchops albicollis) is listed as Endangered species with decreasing population trend in the IUCN Red List.

Statement 1 is correct. Oxygen is not a flammable gas, but it easily supports combustion. All materials that are flammable in air will burn vigorously in oxygen. Some fuels, such as oil and grease, burn with almost explosive violence when combined with oxygen.
Statement 2 is correct. Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is the process by which ambient air passes through an internal filtration system (e.g. a molecular sieve [zeolite granules or membranes]), which has a large enough total surface area to separate nitrogen (N2) from the air, concentrating the remaining oxygen (O2) to a known purity.
# The Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations (PM CARES) Fund Trust is allocating Rs.201.58 crores for installation of additional 162 dedicated Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) Medical Oxygen Generation Plants inside public health facilities in the country.

Statement 1 is correct. Ammonia is produced for commercial fertilizers and other industrial applications. Natural sources of ammonia include the decomposition or breakdown of organic waste matter, gas exchange with the atmosphere, forest fires, animal and human waste, and nitrogen fixation processes.
Statement 2 is correct. Ammonia can enter the aquatic environment through direct means such as municipal effluent discharges and the excretion of nitrogenous wastes from animals, and indirect means such as nitrogen fixation, air deposition, and runoff from agricultural lands.
When ammonia is present in water at high enough levels, it is difficult for aquatic organisms to sufficiently excrete the toxicant, leading to toxic buildup in internal tissues and blood, and potentially death. Environmental factors, such as pH and temperature, can affect ammonia toxicity to aquatic animals.

CSIR-NAL (National Aerospace Laboratories) scientists along with medical professionals from CSIR-IGIB came forward to address the shortages of ventilators in the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic and indigenously designed and developed the non-invasive bilevel positive airway pressure ventilator –SwasthVayu.
The performance of the device has been evaluated by the expert committee constituted by Director General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The expert committee, after careful evaluation, has concluded that SwasthVayu may be used on Covid-19 patients who require oxygen supplementation up to 35%.