10 PM Daily Current Affairs Quiz | May 23 2021

• Statement 1 is correct: Constitution Bench of Supreme Court upheld the validity of Sedition Act in Kedarnath Singh vs State of Bihar 1962 case. But Supreme Court stated that persons can be charged with sedition only if there is incitement to violence in his speech or writing or an intention or tendency to create disorder or disturbance in law and order. 
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Sedition charge is valid only against actions that incite violence. that express strong disapproval of ‘the measures of the Government, with a view to obtain their desired modifications by lawful means, without exciting or attempting to excite hatred, contempt or disaffection, do not constitute an offense under this section.’ 
• Statement 3 is incorrect: This statement was made by Mahatma Gandhi after he was tried under Section 124A of IPC on the charge of “exciting disaffection towards the government established by law in India” because he had written against the colonial rule on Rowlatt Act & Jallianwala Bagh massacre. He said: “Section 124-A under which I am happily charged is perhaps the prince among the political sections of the Indian Penal Code designed to suppress the liberty of the citizen. Affection cannot be manufactured or regulated by law. 

• Statement 1 is incorrect: The Centre has no role to play in the alteration of districts or creation of new ones. States are free to decide. The Home Ministry comes into the picture when a State wants to change the name of a district or a railway station. The State government’s request is sent to other departments and agencies such as the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Intelligence Bureau, Department of Posts, Geographical Survey of India Sciences and the Railway Ministry seeking clearance. A no-objection certificate may be issued after examining their replies. 
• Statement 2 is correct: The renaming of a state requires Parliamentary approval under Article 3 and 4 of the Constitution, and the President has to refer the same to the relevant state legislature for its views. 

• Statement 1 is correct: It is defined as an extraordinary event that constitutes a public health risk to other States through the international spread of the disease and potentially requires a coordinated international response.

• The responsibility of declaring an event as an emergency lies with the Director-General of the WHO and requires the convening of a committee of members.

• Statement 2 is correct: So far 6 PHEIC have been declared by WHO. These are:

• H1N1 (Swine Flu)
• Ebola (In 2014 in West Africa and In 2019 in Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Polio
• Zika
• COVID 19

• Diplomatic Immunity is a privilege provided to diplomats in the country in which they got posted. Generally, these privileges will be in the form of exemption from certain laws and taxes. This may be civil or criminal.
• However, it is possible for the diplomat’s home country to waive immunity. But this can happen only when the individual has committed a ‘serious crime’, anything unconnected to their diplomatic role or has witnessed such a crime.

Read more: Diplomatic Immunity

• Buying of g-sec means liquidity shall be injected in the economy by RBI

• Increase in CRR means banks will have to keep more money under reserve requirements now resulting in decreased money supply in the economy -> decrease in inflation
• Encouraging savings results in lesser money in the economy -> decrease in inflation

The Rajasthan government has declared Mucormycosis or black fungus as an epidemic and a notifiable disease.

• Mucormycosis or Black Fungus is a rare fungal infection. A group of molds called mucormycetes is the reason behind it, which is abundant in the environment.
• Transmission: It occurs through inhalation, inoculation, or ingestion of fungal spores from the environment. However, it does not spread between people or between people and animals.
• Symptoms: Mucormycosis can affect different parts of the body, with different sets of symptoms. Some common symptoms are face numbness, nose obstructions on one side, swelling in the eyes, or pain.

Read more: Mucormycosis or Black Fungus

• Statement 1 is correct: The Sentinel-1 mission is the European Radar Observatory for the Copernicus joint initiative of the European Commission (EC) and the European Space Agency (ESA). The mission is composed of a constellation of two satellites, Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B, sharing the same orbital plane.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Copernicus is a European initiative for the implementation of information services dealing with environment and security. It is based on observation data received from Earth Observation satellites and ground-based information.

• Aerosol sources are of two types — primary and secondary. Primary aerosols are emitted directly as tiny particles, such as smoke from bush or forest fires, soot from burning fossil fuels in industries, vehicles, trains, airplanes, airborne dust and sea-salt particles produced when sea spray dries out.
• Secondary aerosols are produced from gaseous precursors. Chemical reactions in the air, converts the primary gaseous pollutants — like sulphur dioxide and nitrous oxide — into gases with lower volatility, some of which condense into particulates. Sulphur dioxide pollution from power plants or other industries, converts into sulphate particles, for instance. Emissions from vegetation and marine organisms also form secondary aerosols in the atmosphere. The resulting product then nucleates to form new particles or condenses on pre-existing particles

Fifth Domain is the newest theatre of warfare – cyberspace – joining land, sea, air and space. But unlike the other domains, the conflicts in cyberwar are rarely military-on-military. Instead, nation-states, criminal organizations and terrorist groups are going after civilian populations and infrastructure. 

• The Teesta rises from Zemu glacier in Sikkim. The Teesta River drains the entire state of Sikkim and a part of Darjeeling Hills.
• It is known as the lifeline of Sikkim. The Teesta flows along a very deep gorge which divides north Bengal or the hills of Darjeeling into two parts-Tiger Hill range in the west and the Kalimpong Hill range in the east.
• It joins the Brahmaputra on its right-bank in Bangladesh.