Good Morning Friends,
Following are today’s Mains Marathon Questions.
About Mains Marathon – This is an initiative of ForumIAS to help/aid aspirants in their writing skills, which is crucial to conquering mains examination.
Every morning, we post 3 questions are based on current affairs. The questions framed are meaningful and relevant to the exam.
Write your answers in the comment box, given below.
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Questions
1. Despite well-intentioned efforts at formalization, the challenge of informality looms large for India.” Explain.
2. Critically analyze the desirability of proposed amendments to IAS cadre rules, with special reference to the federal character of India.
3. “Ukraine crisis is not some distant trouble in a faraway land, it will present India with toxic choices and deep-seated consequences”. In the light of this statement, examine the implications of the Ukraine crisis for India.
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Thank you ForumIAS. Questions are good
Thanks for appreciation 🙂
Can you provide solution for them as last time
Yes, solutions will be uploaded the next day
Q1) Despite well-intentioned efforts at formalization, the challenge of informality looms large for India.” Explain.
Answer: Informal economy represents that part of the economy which has a market value but has not been registered or recorded as yet. It comprises various small businesses which are not covered under the tax regime. Moreover, in an informal economy, workers have no social security.
Over the years, the government has made several efforts at formalization of the economy. For instance,
– Govt has launched the e-Shram initiative to create a comprehensive database of unorganised employment in India.
– There are certain provisions in the Good and Services Tax that discourage registered businesses to deal with unregistered entities in the informal sector.
– Schemes like Pradhan Mantri Rozgaar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY) are being implemented to encourage formalisation. Under PMRPY, Govt is paying Employer’s full contribution of 12% towards Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) and Employees’ Pension Scheme (EPS) for a period of three years.
Despite such efforts, a majority of India’s workforce is employed by the informal sector. This presents many challenges. Some of them are:
– Incomes are unsteady and may fluctuate, leading to an uncertainty of livelihood for the informal workers.
– Difficult working conditions prevail in the informal sector, which are usually accompanied by safety hazards and risks. Such working conditions prove even disastrous during pandemic outbreaks.
– Lack of social security means workers are devoid of any benefits like insurance, medical, Provident Fund contribution by the employer etc
– As informal companies are not covered under a tax net, this also leads to revenue losses to the Government.
Informal sector employed a majority of the workforce which is uneducated and unskilled. So, any effort towards formalisation must be coupled with equal attention being paid to these aspects. India needs formalisation, but the process must be smooth and not cause hardship to the workers employed by the informal sector.
Decent answer
Thanks 🙂
First time I write ..may be it’sy worst answer ever but I try to break the fear of writting upsc mains answer
It is a decent attempt. Just more focus was required on challenge of informality, with some facts and figures on informality in between.
Thanks for your appreciation I will try to improve …
Critically analyze the desirability of proposed amendments to IAS cadre rules, with special reference to the federal character of India.
Recently the Centre amended the cadre rules that provide more powers to the Centre. The rules include overriding powers of Centre decision, number of deputed officers will be decided by centre, etc.
The Centre introduced these changes due to
-High shortage of All India Services (AIS) officers at Central level,
-States are not sponsoring adequate number of officers for central deputaion,
-States are not fulfilling 40% central deputation reserve (CDR) obligations
-Officers are reluctant to work in Delhi for various reasons, thereby increasing the shortage, etc.
But many states are opposing the move as it will
-Make All India Service as a Central Service by reducing the role of state government in decision making,
-Create hurdles in governance and create administrative disputes
-States might give more concentration to their State Services and reduce the AIS officers in future.
All these might impact the federal nature of India.
So, instead of changing the deputation rules, the centre should work along with the state governments to solve the sponsoring of IAS officers. Also, the centre can work on lateral entry to reduce the shortage.
challenges of informality are missing in the answer. You can use more facts like ratio of women in the informal sector employment given in the article.
sure…thanks for suggestion.