Good Morning Friends,
Following are today’s Mains Marathon Questions.
About Mains Marathon – This is an initiative of ForumIAS to help/aid aspirants in their writing skills, which is crucial to conquering mains examination.
Every morning, we post 3 questions are based on current affairs. The questions framed are meaningful and relevant to the exam.
Write your answers in the comment box, given below.
For Mains Marathon Archives click HERE→
Questions
1) There is a dichotomy between the rising share of industry and services in national income and the increase in employment. Do you agree? Also, suggest measures required to increase the employment level in India.
2) Critically examine the role of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) in preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology.
3) What do you understand by the term geo-economics? Discuss the need for India to align its policies to structural changes in the international economic order.
1. There is a dichotomy between the rising share of industry and services in national income without a sizeable increase in employment share. Do you agree? Also, suggest measures required to increase the employment level in India.
Most developed countries in the west had followed a similar economic growth trajectory wherein there was a transition from agriculture (subsistence sector) to industrial and services sector (capital sectors). This structural transformation included shift in both the contribution to national income as well as the share of employment from primary to secondary/tertiary sectors.
In India there has been transformation only in terms of national income e.g., the share of services has risen to 60%, while agriculture has gone down to ~15% and industrial sector is ~25%. However, the agriculture sector still employs ~50% of the workforce while the share of industrial and services sector is ~25% each.
The reason for lack of structural transformation in the labor market are:
(1) Stagnant industrial (secondary) sector.
(2) Labor laws has meant that industrial development has been more capital intensive than labor intensive.
(3) Hurdles like land acquisition delays, poor access to finance, gaps in infrastructure (electricity, transportation), gaps in skill developments, bureaucratic delays, contract enforcement and resolution etc. hampered industrial growth in India.
In this regard steps are required to create favourable environment for labor intensive growth in industrial and services sector like
(1) Labor reforms.
(2) Easing land acquisition.
(3) Simplified regulation and quick approvals.
(4) Improving Infrastructure and connectivity.
(5) Skilling.
(6) Supporting MSME sector for growth.
(7) Enhancing access to finance among others.
The structural transformation is absolutely essential to realize the demographic dividend of India’s young population and enable India’s transition to a developed/high income economy.
How to write answers? Please share your approach.
Nice answer