Explanation: Gandhi relied on sending petitions and memorials to the authorities in South Africa and in Britain hoping that once the authorities were informed of the plight of Indians, they would take sincere steps to redress their grievances as the Indians were, after all, British subjects.

• To unite different sections of Indians, he set up the Natal Indian Congress and started a paper Indian Opinion.
• The second phase, which began in 1906, was characterized by the use of the method of passive resistance or civil disobedience, which Gandhi named satyagraha.

Source: Spectrum Modern India