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Source: The post is based on the article “Equality and identity- Equitable distribution of resources must not be by accentuating caste identity” published in “The Hindu” on 6th October 2023.
Syllabus: GS1- Society- population and associated issues & GS2- polity- caste survey
News: The article discusses a detailed caste survey in Bihar, India, revealing that 63% of its population belongs to certain backward classes. This may influence national politics and policies on reservations, potentially promoting demands for a nationwide caste census and impacting political party strategies and legal debates on caste-based reservations in education and employment.
What does the caste survey in Bihar show?
The caste survey in Bihar reveals that 63% of the state’s population, which is 13 crores, belongs to the Extremely Backward Classes (EBC) and Other Backward Classes (OBC) categories.
Methodically, Bihar assigned a code to each of 214 identified castes, ensuring clarity and manageability of the data.
The comprehensive survey involved a two-stage process: initially listing houses, then gathering detailed information from each household.
What is the significance of this caste survey?
Impact on Reservation Policies
The caste survey shows that a significant 63% of Bihar’s 13 crore population belongs to EBC and OBC categories.
It might influence legal and political discourses at a national level, particularly regarding the 50% reservation cap in educational institutions and government services.
Potential for a Nationwide Caste Census
The thorough and organized methodology used in Bihar’s survey might give a boost to demands for a caste census across India.
Having detailed caste data for the whole country might influence socio-economic and political policies more broadly.
Influence on Political Strategy
This detailed caste information may shape the strategies of political parties, particularly those who focus on consolidating Hindu voters or those targeting different OBC sections for support.
For instance, it may create opportunities for social groups to leverage their size and influence political agendas and policies.
Legal Implications and Social Harmony
By providing exact numbers, the data might be used to present ‘quantifiable data’ that the judiciary seeks to justify reservation levels in various states.
The article emphasizes that while caste data is useful, maintaining a balance that doesn’t amplify caste identity is crucial to uphold the constitutional vision of a casteless society.
