Explanation – Some of the proposed solar geoengineering techniques to address the issue of global warming are:

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI): SAI involves injecting small particles into the stratosphere, which would reflect sunlight back to space.

Marine cloud brightening (MCB): MCB involves spraying seawater into marine clouds to make them whiter and more reflective. MCB has the potential to be more effective than SAI, but it is also more expensive and difficult to implement.

Space-based sunshades: Space-based sunshades would be placed in orbit around the Earth to reflect sunlight back to space. Space-based sunshades are a very expensive and technologically challenging option, but they have the potential to be very effective.

Cloud thinning is a way to reflect sunlight back to space by making clouds thinner and less reflective. This could be done by injecting ice nuclei into cirrus clouds. Injecting ice nuclei into cirrus clouds would cause them to produce more and larger ice crystals. This would make the clouds thinner and more reflective, which would allow more sunlight to be reflected back to space.

Direct air capture (DAC) is a technique of removing carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere. However, it is not a solar engineering technique.

Source: ForumIAS