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Source: This post is based on the article ‘’ Scientists map largest deep sea coral reef found till date in Atlantic off US” published in ‘’The Indian express” on 20th January 2024.
Why in the news?
Researchers in the USA have mapped the largest coral reef deep in the ocean.
About the discovery of The largest deep sea coral reef found in Atlantic Off US
Researchers have mapped the largest coral reef deep in the ocean off the Atlantic coast of the United States using new underwater mapping technology. The length of the reef is 310 miles (499 Kilometers) starting from Florida to South Carolina.
The width of the reef is about 68 miles (109 kilometers). The depth of reef ranges from 200 meters to 1000 meters where even sunlight does not penetrate.
What are coral reefs?
Coral reefs are underwater structures that are formed of coral polyps that are held together by calcium carbonate. They are also regarded as the tropical rainforest of the sea. They occupy just 0.1% of the ocean’s surface but are home to 25% of marine species. The world’s largest tropical coral reef system is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
What is The Difference Between Deep and Shallow Water Coral Reefs?
| Shallow or tropical water coral Reef | Deep water coral reef | |
| 1 | They require sunlight for growth. | They do not require sunlight for growth.
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| 2 | They are more accessible and known to scientists. | They are less known to scientists. Till now, only about 75% of the world’s ocean floor has been mapped in high resolution. |
| 3 | They cover less area of ocean floor. | They cover more areas of ocean floor. |
| 4 | They provide habitats to various sponges, crabs, and sea stars. | They provide habitats for sharks, swordfish, sea stars etc.
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What are The Threats?
They face threats of similar kinds including climate change and pollution due to oil spill.
UPSC Syllabus: Environment and ecology.
