Q. Consider the following statements:
1. Marxism believes in public control over property.
2. Liberalism values the principle of competition.
3. Both the Marxism and Gandhism advocate for a stateless society.
How many statements given above are correct?
Exp) Option c is the correct answer.
Statement 1 is correct. Marxism argues that the root cause of entrenched inequality was private ownership of important economic resources such as oil, or land, or forests, as well as other forms of property. It points out that such private ownership did not only make the class of owners wealthy, it also gave them political power. Thus, there should be public ownership of important resources and property.
Statement 2 is correct. Liberalism upholds the principle of competition as the most efficient and fair way of distributing resources and rewards in society. They believe that while states may have to intervene to try and ensure a minimum standard of living and equal opportunities for all, this cannot by itself bring equality and justice to society. Competition between people in free and fair conditions is the most just and efficient way of distributing rewards in a society.
Statement 3 is correct. One common agreement between Gandhism and Marxism is the final goal of stateless and classless society, whereas means to achieve these final goals differ. For Marx, the State is an instrument of oppression and an organ of the bourgeoisie that only works for maintaining class dominance. Similarly for Gandhi, in an ideal state, there is no State. In the ideal state, there is no political power because there is no State.
