Q. With reference to the various important provisions of the Indian constitution, consider the following pairs:
Article No Subject Matter
1. Article 352 Imposition of National Emergency
2. Article 356 Duty of Union to protect States against external aggression & internal disturbance
3. Article 360 Failure of constitutional machinery in states
4. Article 365 Effect of failure to comply with directions given by the Union to states
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
Exp) Option b is the correct answer.
Pair 1 is correct: Article 352 deals with the imposition of National Emergency. According to it, the President can declare National Emergency when the security of India or a part of it is threatened by war, or external aggression or armed rebellion.
Pair 2 is incorrect: Article 356 declares the effect of the failure of constitutional machinery in a state, i.e., President’s Rule/ State emergency. It is Article 355, which deals with the duty of the Union to protect states against external aggression & internal disturbance and ensure that government in each state is carried on according to the provisions of the constitution.
Pair 3 is incorrect: Article 360 deals with the definition of situations in which a Financial Emergency may be announced in entire India or a part thereof.
Pair 4 is correct: Article 365 says that the states are bound to follow the directions given by the Union Executive. In case the state wilfully ignores these directions, it will be said to mean a breakdown of constitutional machinery in that state and will make it liable to be declared under President’s Rule/ State Emergency.
