Q. Which of the following amendments to the Constitution of India can be passed only by special majority of both the houses of parliament?
1. Amendment to Part (III) of the Indian constitution.
2. Amendment to Part (IV) of the Indian constitution.
3. Acquisition and termination of citizenship
4. Elections to Parliament and state legislatures
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Exp) Option a is the correct answer.
Statement 1 is correct. The majority of the provisions in the Constitution need to be amended by a special majority of the Parliament, that is, a majority of the total membership of each House and a majority of two-thirds of the members of each House present and voting. Fundamental Rights in part (III) are the important provisions that can be amended by the special majority
Statement 2 is correct. Directive Principles of state policies in part (IV) of the Indian constitution is another most important provision which can be amended by the special majority.
Statement 3 is incorrect. A number of provisions in the Constitution can be amended by a simple majority of the two Houses of Parliament outside the scope of Article 368. Provisions related to Citizenship – acquisition and termination are amended by the simple majority of the constitution.
Option 4 is incorrect. A number of provisions in the Constitution can be amended by a simple majority of the two Houses of Parliament outside the scope of Article 368.
| Important Tips Amendment which requires simple majority are: • Admission or establishment of new states. • Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states. • Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states. • Second Schedule–emoluments, allowances, privileges and so on of the president, the governors, the Speakers, judges, etc • Quorum in Parliament • Salaries and allowances of the members of Parliament. • Rules of procedure in Parliament. • Privileges of the Parliament, its members and its committees. • Use of English language in Parliament. • Number of puisne judges in the Supreme Court. • Conferment of more jurisdictions on the Supreme Court. • Use of official language. Citizenship–acquisition and termination. • Elections to Parliament and state legislatures. • Delimitation of constituencies. • Union territories. • Fifth Schedule–administration of scheduled areas and scheduled tribes. • Sixth Schedule–administration of tribal areas. |
