Q. With reference to various Constitutional Amendments and their subject matter, consider the following pairs:
Constitutional Amendments Subject matter
1. 42nd Amendment Act,1976 Deleted Fundamental right to property
2. 52nd Amendment Act, 1985 Anti defection law
3. 61st Amendment Act,1989 Reduced voting age from 21 to 18
4. 100th Amendment Act,2015 Replaced collegium system with National Judicial Appointments Commission
How many pairs given above are correct?
Exp) Option b is the correct answer.
Here only two pairs are correctly matched.
Statement 1 is incorrect: It was the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act,1978 that deleted the right to property from the list of Fundamental Rights and made it only a legal right. 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act,1976 also called mini constitution led to addition of new words in preamble, provided for tribunals, added fundamental duties to the constitution.
Statement 2 is correct: 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985 provided for disqualification of members of Parliament and state legislatures on the ground of defection and added a new Tenth Schedule containing the details in this regard.
Statement 3 is correct: 61st Constitutional Amendment Act,1989 Reduced the voting age from 21 years to 18 years for the Lok Sabha and state legislative assembly elections and gave youth rightful participation in electoral politics.
Statement 4 is incorrect: 99th Constitutional Amendment Act,2015 Replaced the collegium system of appointing judges to the Supreme Court and High Courts with a new body called the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC). However, in 2015, the Supreme Court declared this amendment act as unconstitutional and void. The 100th Constitutional Amendment Act,2015 gave effect to the acquiring of certain territories by India and transfer of certain other territories to Bangladesh to settle land boundary disputes.
