Explanation –

Statement 1 is incorrect. The International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) is a multi-modal transportation network that aims to enhance connectivity between India, Iran, Russia, and other countries in Central Asia and Europe. It primarily focuses on connecting India with Central Asia and Europe rather than its immediate neighbours in South Asia. The “Neighbourhood First” policy is more focused on enhancing relations and connectivity with India’s immediate neighbours in South Asia, such as Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka. Moreover, the Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project is an initiative aimed at enhancing connectivity between India and its neighbours, particularly Myanmar.

Statement 2 is correct. The SAGAR initiative is integrated with other Indian maritime initiatives. It focuses on enhancing maritime security and fostering economic growth in the Indian Ocean region. SAGAR is linked with initiatives like the Act East Policy, which aims to strengthen ties with Southeast Asian countries, and Project Sagarmala, which focuses on port development and modernization in India. These initiatives collectively enhance India’s maritime capabilities and regional influence.

Source: The Hindu