Q. Which one of the following best describes the term ‘population momentum’?

[A] The sudden increase in population due to a rise in fertility rates over a short period.

[B] A temporary decline in population growth due to a decrease in birth rates and an increase in death rates.

[C] The slow aging of a population due to improvements in healthcare and life expectancy.

[D] The continued population growth that occurs even after fertility rates decline due to a large proportion of young people entering reproductive age.

Answer: D
Notes:

Explanation – Population momentum refers to the phenomenon where a population continues to grow even after a decline in fertility rates, primarily because a large proportion of the population is young and entering reproductive age. This momentum leads to sustained population growth despite the lower birth rates, due to the existing demographic structure.

Source: The Hindu

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