Which of the following was a defining feature of the Mughal Nobility (Mansabdars) during the 17th century? |ForumIAS

[A] Their ranks were strictly hereditary, allowing for the stable creation of landed aristocracies across the empire.

[B] The system was highly cosmopolitan, with nobles drawn from Iranian, Turani, Rajput, and Indian Muslim groups, balancing ethnic interests.

[C] Most nobles preferred holding their assignments as Watan Jagirs (hereditary lands) due to their higher revenue yields compared to Tankhwa Jagirs.

[D] They rarely participated in actual military campaigns, functioning primarily as tax collectors and civilian administrators.

Answer: B

Notes:

Explanation:

(a) Incorrect. The Mansab (rank) was not hereditary; it was based on service to the Emperor.
(b) Correct. The Mughal nobility was deliberately inclusive and multi-ethnic (Irani, Turani, Rajput, Afghan, Shaykhzada, etc.). This cosmopolitan character was key to the empire’s early stability.
(c) Incorrect. Most Jagirs were Tankhwa Jagirs (salary assignments) and were transferable. Only a small, special category of ancestral lands for Rajputs were Watan Jagirs.
(d) Incorrect. Mansabdars were primarily military commanders, responsible for recruiting, maintaining, and leading troops in campaigns, which was their central function.