Q. Consider the following events associated with the rise and decline of Portuguese power in India:
EventYear
A. Portuguese lose control of the key strategic port of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf.1. 1498
B. Vasco da Gama arrives at Calicut.2. 1510
C. Alfonso de Albuquerque captures Goa from the Bijapur Sultan.3. 1622
D. Portuguese are expelled from Hooghly by the Mughal Emperor.4. 1632
Which of the following options correctly matches the event with its corresponding year?

[A] A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

[B] A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

[C] A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

[D] A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

Answer: A
Notes:

Explanation:

  • A-3 (1622): The Portuguese lost Hormuz (the gateway to the Persian Gulf) to a combined Persian and English (EIC) force in 1622. This was a critical early blow to their maritime control.
  • B-1 (1498): Vasco da Gama arrived at Calicut in 1498, marking the beginning of the European maritime era in India.
  • C-2 (1510): Alfonso de Albuquerque captured Goa in 1510.
  • D-4 (1632): The Portuguese were driven out of Hooghly by Shah Jahan’s forces in 1632.
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