Q. In the context of the ideological evolution of the Indian revolutionaries in the 1920s, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1.The transition from the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) represented a shift toward Marxist-Leninist principles.
2.In his work The Philosophy of the Bomb, Bhagwati Charan Vohra argued that violence was not just a tool for terror but a necessary psychological step for mass awakening.
3.Most revolutionaries by 1929 had abandoned the idea of a “Republic” in favor of a “Proletarian Dictatorship” modeled strictly on the Soviet Union.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Answer: A
Notes:
Explanation:
Statement 1: Correct. Bhagat Singh and his comrades explicitly included “Socialist” in their name at the Feroz Shah Kotla meeting (1928).
Statement 2: Correct. This book was written as a response to Gandhi’s “The Cult of the Bomb” to justify revolutionary methods.
Statement 3: Incorrect. While socialist, they still envisioned a Federal Republic of the United States of India (as per the HRA/HSRA manifestos), which was more inclusive than a strict proletarian dictatorship.
