Q. Consider the following table regarding the rights available in India:
Category of RightAvailable to CitizensAvailable to Friendly Aliens
I. Freedom of Speech & Expression (Art 19)YesNo
II. Right to Life and Personal Liberty (Art 21)YesYes
III. Protection against Arrest/Detention (Art 22)YesYes
Which of the rows given above correctly represent the constitutional position?

[A] I and II only

[B] II and III only

[C] I and III only

[D] I, II and III

Answer: A
Notes:

Explanation:

  • Row I: Fundamental Rights under Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, and 30 are available only to citizens.
  • Row II: Article 21 is available to both citizens and foreigners (except enemy aliens in specific contexts).
  • Row III: Article 22 (Protection against arrest) is available to all, but the protection against preventive detention is not available to Enemy Aliens.
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