Q. Consider the following statements:
1.DNA Profiling uses unique patterns in an individual’s genetic code to assist in forensic investigations and parentage testing.
2.Microsatellite DNA consists of long, non-repetitive coding sequences that are identical across all human individuals.
3.Polymorphic markers in microsatellite DNA are valuable for creating unique DNA fingerprints in criminal trials.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

[A] 1 and 2 only

[B] 1 and 3 only

[C] 2 and 3 only

[D] 1, 2 and 3

Answer: B
Notes:

Explanation:

  • Statement 1 is correct: This is the definition of DNA profiling/fingerprinting.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Microsatellites are short, repetitive segments (1-6 bp) that are highly variable (polymorphic) between individuals. They are mostly non-coding.
  • Statement 3 is correct: The variation in the number of repeats at specific loci is what allows for the identification of a specific individual.
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