Q. Which of the following statements with regard to volcanic landforms is/are correct?
1.A Caldera is a large volcanic crater formed by the high-pressure accumulation and swelling of magma prior to an explosive eruption.
2.Submarine volcanoes are predominantly clustered along divergent plate boundaries where they actively contribute to the creation of new seafloor at mid-ocean ridges.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Answer: B
Notes:
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is incorrect: A caldera is formed by the collapse of the summit structure of a volcano after a massive eruption empties the underlying magma chamber, leaving it unsupported. It is caused by structural collapse, not upward swelling or accumulation.
- Statement 2 is correct: Submarine volcanoes are highly concentrated along the global mid-ocean ridge systems (such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge) where tectonic plates pull apart, allowing mantle material to rise, melt, and form new oceanic crust.
