10 PM Daily UPSC Current Affairs 31 July 2026

With reference to Research and Development (R&D), consider the following statements:
1.As per the latest official data (2023–24), the private sector accounts for more than half of India’s Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD).
2.India’s Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD) is more than 1% of its GDP.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following pairs:
1.INS NIPUN – Diving Support Vessel (DSV)
2.INS Machilipatnam – Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC)
3.INS Arnala – Guided Missile Destroyer
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Consider the following statements:
Statement I: Cloudbursts are highly localized extreme rainfall events that can cause flash floods and landslides.
Statement II: Cloudbursts are characterized by prolonged heavy rainfall over a large geographical area.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Consider the following descriptions:
1.It is located within the Bodoland Territorial Region of Assam.
2.It lies along the India–Bhutan border and forms part of a transboundary conservation landscape with protected areas in Bhutan.
3.The Sankosh, Saralbhanga, and Pekua rivers form its western, eastern, and southern boundaries, respectively.
The above descriptions refer to:

With reference to the Telecom Manufacturing Zone (TMZ), consider the following statements:
1.The first Telecom Manufacturing Zone (TMZ) of India is to be established in Gujarat.
2.It is being developed under the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) with a focus on attracting investments in next-generation telecom technologies, including 5G and 6G equipment.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

“He witnessed the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919. He was deeply impacted by this incident and took a revolutionary path. In 1924, he joined the Ghadar Party and was also associated with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA). He adopted the name “Ram Mohammad Singh Azad” to symbolize India’s religious unity.”
Which one of the following personalities is described in the above paragraph?

Consider the following statements about the Alaknanda River:
1.It originates from the Satopanth Glacier near Chaukhamba Peak in Uttarakhand.
2.It joins the Bhagirathi River at Rudraprayag to form the Ganga.
3.At the time of the formation of Ganga, Alaknanda’s contribution to the flow is much smaller than that of Bhagirathi.
How many of the above statements are correct?