Consider the following information: School of Tibetan Buddhism Founder Focus 1. Nyingma Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche) Oldest tradition; emphasizes Dzogchen teachings 2. Kagyu Milarepa / Marpa Focuses on oral transmission and meditation practices 3. Sakya Sakya Pandita Renowned for systematic scholasticism and scriptural analysis 4. Gelug Tsongkhapa Reintroduced strict monastic discipline; led by the Dalai Lama In which of the above rows is the given information correctly matched? |ForumIAS

[A] 1 and 2 only

[B] 3 and 4 only

[C] 1, 2, 3 and 4

[D] 1 and 4 only

Answer: C

Notes:

Explanation:

Row 1 is correctly matched: Nyingma (The Ancient One) is the oldest Tibetan school, tracing its origin to Padmasambhava ( century CE), and is known for its high-level meditative system called Dzogchen (“Great Perfection”).
Row 2 is correctly matched: Kagyu (Lineage of the Oral Word) was established through Marpa, Milarepa, and Gampopa, prioritizing intense meditation retreat and oral lineage transmission (including Karma Kagyu led by the Karmapa).
Row 3 is correctly matched: Sakya is famous for its scholastic rigor, systematic doctrine (Lamdre or Path and Result), and detailed textual commentaries developed by the Sakya Pandita and lineage masters.
Row 4 is correctly matched: Gelug (Yellow Hat school) was founded by Je Tsongkhapa in the – It emphasizes monastic discipline, debate, and logic, and its temporal leadership was historically held by the Dalai Lama.