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- The Nipah virus has resurfaced in Kerala with the confirmation of the infection in a 23-year-old college student. Earlier, in 2018, there was a Nipah outbreak in Kozhikode and Malappuram districts of Kerala.
- Nipah Virus is a zoonotic virus i.e. transmitted from animals to humans. It is a member of the genus Henipavirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are the natural host of Nipah virus.
- It was first recognised in 1998-99 during an outbreak among pig farmers in Malaysia and Singapore.
- Nipah virus can be transmitted to humans from animals (such as bats or pigs), or contaminated foods and can also be transmitted directly from human-to-human.
- Nipah virus infection in humans causes asymptomatic infection, acute respiratory infection and fatal encephalitis. It has a high case fatality rate estimated to range between 40 and 75%
- There is no treatment or vaccine available for either people or animals. The primary treatment for humans is supportive care.



