A chance to expand the world biosphere footprint

Source– The post is based on the article “A chance to expand the world biosphere footprint” published in The Hindu on 3rd November 2022.

Syllabus: GS3- Environment

Relevance– Mechanism to protect the ecosystem

News- The article explains the concept of biosphere reserves. It explains the importance of South Asia in promoting this concept.

What is WNBR (World Network of Mountain Biosphere Reserves)?

The World Network of Biosphere Reserves was formed in 1971. It helps in biodiversity conservation, ecosystem restoration, and living in harmony with nature.

There are now 738 properties in 134 countries, including 12 in India.

All biosphere reserves are internationally recognised sites on land, coast, oceans. Governments alone decide which areas to nominate. Before approval by UNESCO, the sites are externally examined. If approved, they will be managed based on a plan.

What are the benefits associated with biosphere reserves?

WNBR promotes cooperation through sharing knowledge, exchanging experiences, building capacity and promoting best practices. Its members are always ready to support each other.

Biosphere reserves have all developed science-based management plans. Local solutions for sustainable human living and nature conservation are tested, and best practices are applied.

Why is South Asia important?

In South Asia, over 30 biosphere reserves have been established. The first one was the Hurulu Biosphere Reserve, in Sri Lanka.

India is a vast sub-continent. It has become an important global player on environmental sustainability issues. India is likely to become the world’s most populated country in 2023.

Spain has a landmass of 50600 square kms. It has 53 biosphere reserves. In comparison, India has a larger surface area of 3287000 square kms. It offers great potential.

Some of the countries in South Asia do not yet have any or enough biosphere reserves. In most, the political will is certainly there. But there is a lack of know-how and financial resources.

The existence of the new World Network of Mountain Biosphere Reserves provides a welcome opportunity for Bhutan and Nepal to establish their first biosphere reserves and participate in the world network.