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Skip to content Demand of the question Introduction. Contextual Introduction. Body. Land acquisition issue as a major Impediment in the development process. Steps to make it quick and easy. Conclusion. Way forward.
Land acquisition is required for most of the nation building projects, however, it is not a simple process and is often the sole impediment in the development. Many development projects get delayed due to land acquisition issues. Further these delays add up to costs of many projects, making it a less efficient and more costly project for development. Therefore land acquisition must be smooth and easy in order to make development less costly and sustainable.
Land acquisition issue as a major Impediment in the development process:
Delays important infrastructure
projects and increases their costs making them unsustainable. Increasing NPAs in infrastructure
sector can be attributed to some extent to the delays in land acquisition. Under the 2013 Act, land acquisition
is estimated to take minimally four to five years. In addition, there remains
uncertainty with respect to eventual successful completion of acquisition. There
is need for a less time-consuming alternative to the current regime for private
or PPP projects in areas such as rural roads, affordable housing,
infrastructure and building cities remains. Inadequate compensation to the
owners, mostly poor farmers exclude them from agriculture as well as prevent
them from a decent living standard. Using agricultural land for
non-agricultural purposes, on one hand creates infrastructure whereas on the
other hand serves as an impediment in the food security. Poor land acquisition policies in
one region can transfer the development to other regions with favourable
policies. Steps to make it quick and easy:
The land to be acquired from the
land owners should be acquired either on a long lease or in the form of equity
for the proposed business. This option will ensure a steady income for the
affected families. Under the Indian Constitution, land
acquisition belongs to the Concurrent List. Article 254(2) of the Constitution
allows a state to amend a central act on the Concurrent List provided the central
government approves of the amendment. Under the present government, states of
Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh have amended several labour laws that fall under
the Concurrent List. The same instrumentality can be applied to land
acquisition subject to the central government giving its approval. The role of governments should be
restricted to ensuring that adequate provisions are made for the protection of
interests of the landless tillers of the land to be acquired. In case of outright sale, open bidding
through minimum prices acceptable to all landholders. An additional instrument that
governments may use to make acquisition more acceptable to landowners is land
pooling. The idea here is to purchase or acquire more land than is required for
the project and eventually transfer each landowner a fraction of her land back
from the excess land after the project is complete. Alternatively, government may take
land on long-term lease rather than purchase or acquire it. Again, landowners
may find this option attractive because it allows them to keep ownership of
land, earn an assured return and retain the option to renegotiate the terms
once the initial terms of the lease expires. Unfortunately, land acquisition is still an issue and is impediment to development projects. By reducing major land acquisition roadblocks like compensation issue, judicial delays etc. development in India can be accelerated. A major political push is required for this.
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