[Answered] Discuss the role of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 in mitigating the impact of climate change-induced disasters. Evaluate its effectiveness with relevant examples.

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction is a landmark 2015 agreement to reduce damage, losses, and deaths from natural and man-made hazards by the end of the decade. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 was the first major agreement of the post-2015 development agenda and provides member states with concrete actions to protect development gains from the risk of disaster.

Role of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 in mitigating the impact of climate change-induced disasters:

• Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies: The Sendai Framework encourages nations to incorporate disaster risk reduction methods into their plans for coping with climate change by taking into account how climate change will affect natural hazards and vulnerable groups. For example:  India has established the first G20 Disaster Risk Reduction Working Group. The group aims to consider the potential impact of economic decisions on disaster risks & also how to leverage economic tools to reduce existing risks and prevent new ones.
• Building resilient infrastructure: The Sendai Framework promotes investments in resilient infrastructure and urban design. Countries may lower greenhouse gas emissions and lessen the impact of infrastructure on climate change by designing buildings, transportation infrastructure, and energy facilities with climate resilience in mind. E.g.: Early Warnings for All initiative of the World Meteorological Organisation(WMO) programme to set up early warning systems across the world to save lives and minimize destruction from the growing number of climate disasters.  India launched the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure, to spur policy development and capacity support for disaster resilient infrastructure, especially in developing countries.
• Financing disaster risk reduction plans: The framework provides an approach to finance disaster risk reduction plans in collaboration with the private sector and local governments. For example, India and Indonesia have prepared various indicators to allocate resources at provincial and local government levels.
• Awareness and education: The Sendai Framework encourages risk reduction knowledge and instruction at all societal levels. Communities can become more climate-conscious and take more activities that support mitigation efforts if they are informed about climate change, its effects, and how to lessen their risk. For example, the Odisha Government’s use of space technology in disaster management helps in giving more timely information in the dissemination of data through GIS-based platforms.
• Use of Big Data: Data can be used to pursue ‘risk-informed development’, help identify the gaps, and make recommendations on where to allocate resources to mitigate risks from disasters. India has recently embarked on an initiative to establish a comprehensive disaster database system.

Conclusion:

The responsibility to integrate efforts of disaster risk reduction with climate change rests with national governments and groups like G20 to ensure continuity in achieving the goals and visions of the Sendai framework.