[Answered] Elaborate the process of legislation in the Indian Parliament for an ordinary bill. How is a money bill different from an ordinary bill?

The primary function of legislatures is to make laws for its people. Every bill has to pass through the same stages in each House. A bill is a proposal for legislation and it becomes an act or law when duly enacted.

Process of legislation in the Indian Parliament for an Ordinary Bills:

1. First Reading: The ordinary bill can be introduced in either house by a minister/other member. Upon grant of leave by house, the member reads the title and objectives, but no discussion happens on this bill at this stage. Following this, the bill is published in gazette.
2. Second Reading: At this stage, the detailed scrutiny of the bill happens and the bill takes full It has 3 sub stages:
3. Stage of general discussion: The principles of the bill and its provisions are discussed
   generally, but the details of the bill are not discussed.
4. Committee stage: The usual practice is to refer the bill to a select committee of the House. This committee examines the bill thoroughly and in detail, clause by clause. It can also amend its provisions, but without altering the principles underlying it. After completing the scrutiny and discussion, the committee reports the bill back to the House.
5. Consideration stage: The House, after receiving the bill from the select committee, considers the provisions of the bill clause by clause. Each clause is discussed and voted upon separately. The members can also move amendments and if accepted, they become part of the bill.
6. Third Reading: No amendments are allowed anymore and either bill is completely accepted or
   If the majority accepts, it is passed and transmitted to the second house.
7. In Second house: Bill goes through all 3 stages and House may:
8. Pass the bill as sent by the first house (i.e. without amendments).
9. Pass the bill with amendments and return it to the first House for reconsideration.
10. Reject the bill altogether.
11. Not take any action and thus keep the bill pending up to 6 months.
12. Provision of joint sitting: In case of deadlock between the house over passing of a bill emerges, the President can summon a joint sitting of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. The members of both houses vote jointly and the bill passes by simple majority.
13. Assent of President: After the bill is passed from both the houses, it is presented to the office of
    President for assent. The President can exercise any of the following options:
14. He may give his assent to the bill.
15. He may withhold his assent to the bill.
16. He may return the bill for reconsideration of the Houses.

If an assent is given, it becomes an act and is placed on statute book.

Differences between ordinary and money bill:

Legislative process is an important part of Indian democracy. Indian constitution has elaborated every provision of different legislative powers related to different bills of Parliament and state legislature, thus, enabling democracy to enable laws for societal benefit.