| Introduction: Contextual Introduction Body: Highlight different strategies adopted by different nations to address drowning deaths and how can these be adopted in the Indian context. Conclusion: Way forward |
The global tragedy of drowning deaths is exacerbated by socio-economic conditions, risky environments, and inadequate public health responses, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). India faces unique challenges due to its diverse geography, socio-economic disparities, and rising exposure to water-related hazards, as seen in the tragic drowning of IAS aspirants in New Delhi.
Drowning Prevention Strategies in Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Australia
- Vietnam: Community-Based Swimming Education: Vietnam’s approach emphasizes swimming lessons for children, particularly through initiatives like the Swim-Safe curriculum. Children learn to tread water and swim unassisted in open water, reducing their vulnerability in water-based environments.
- Bangladesh: Childcare and Community Supervision: Bangladesh has adopted the “Anchal” model, a low-cost, community-based intervention where childcare centers ensure institutional supervision of children aged 1-5 years. This model has achieved significant success, with an 88% reduction in drowning deaths among children under four.
- Australia: Regulatory and Public Safety Initiatives: Australia focuses on regulatory measures, including the mandatory fencing of swimming pools and lifeguard services on beaches. This framework ensures both preventive safety and rapid emergency response.
Adaptation of These Models to the Indian Context
- Scaling Community-Based Programs: India can establish community-based daycare centers, particularly in flood-prone areas and regions with a high density of water bodies. Like Vietnam, India can implement school-based swimming lessons in rural areas.
- Strategic Infrastructure and Regulations: India should adopt regulatory measures similar to Australia’s, including fencing around dangerous water bodies such as ponds, wells, and lakes. Strengthening safety regulations for boats and water transport, particularly in regions like Kerala and Assam, would reduce the risk of accidents.
- Public Awareness and Multi-Sectoral Collaboration: India can launch public awareness campaigns to educate communities about drowning risks, much like Bangladesh. Collaborating with international organizations and NGOs could bring additional resources and expertise, aiding the implementation of drowning prevention frameworks.
Conclusion
India’s recently released Strategic Framework for Drowning Prevention is a step in the right direction, but it can benefit from adopting successful strategies from countries like Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Australia. By scaling community-based programs, enhancing infrastructure, and improving public awareness, India can significantly reduce drowning deaths and protect its most vulnerable populations.
