| Introduction: Contextual Introduction Body: Factors that led to the crisis in Manipur and measures to ensure long-term stability and inclusive governance in the state. Conclusion: Way forward |
The resignation of N. Biren Singh as Manipur’s Chief Minister highlights deep-seated political and ethnic tensions in the state. The prolonged conflict between the Meitei and Kuki-Zo-Hmar communities, alleged partisan governance and the central government’s de facto intervention under Article 355 have exacerbated instability.
Factors Leading to the Crisis
- Ethnic Conflict and Partisan Governance – Mr. Singh’s rhetoric against Kuki-Zo-Hmar communities, branding them as “infiltrators” and “drug traffickers,” fueled ethnic hostility. His perceived bias towards one group hindered reconciliation efforts.
- Political Dissidence and Loss of Public Trust – Growing dissatisfaction within the BJP-led NDA government and the party’s loss in both Lok Sabha seats in 2024 reflected public fatigue with the administration.
- Breakdown of Law and Order – Armed groups looted police armories and openly brandished sophisticated weapons, creating a culture of impunity. The Union government effectively assumed control under Article 355 without formally declaring it.
- Failure to Address Displacement – Over 60,000 people remain displaced, with little effort towards rehabilitation or confidence-building among affected communities.
Measures for Stability and Inclusive Governance
- Leadership Change and Reconciliation Efforts – The BJP must appoint a neutral leader committed to peace and inclusive governance.
- Engagement with Civil Society – Grassroots leaders and community representatives should be involved in dialogue to address grievances.
- Restoration of Law and Order – Disarming militant groups, strengthening local policing, and ensuring impartial action against violence are crucial.
- Federal Solutions for Ethnic Harmony – Implementing constitutional provisions for regional autonomy and power-sharing can address long-standing demands from hill and valley communities.
Conclusion
Mr. Singh’s resignation presents an opportunity to reset governance in Manipur. Immediate peace-building efforts, coupled with long-term structural solutions, are essential for restoring stability and trust in the state’s administration.
