APPENDIX

1.       Nagarjunasagar Srisailam is the largest tiger reserve.
2.       Bandipore was the first tiger reserve of India.
3.       India hosts around 70% of all the tigers in the world.
4.       States like Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and UTs like J&K and Ladakh have no tiger reserves.

1.       Tiger population has grown from 1400 in 2014 to 2967 in 2018.
2.       Corbett Tiger Reserve has the highest number of tigers.
3.       State wise, Madhya Pradesh has the highest number of tigers followed by Karnataka.
4.       No tiger has been found in Buxa (West Bengal), Palamau (Jharkhand) and Dampa (Mizoram) reserves.

1.       Ratapani Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh)
2.       Sunabeda Tiger reserve (Odisha)
3.       Guru Ghasidas (Chhattisgarh)
Final approval has been accorded to Kudremukh National Park to be declared as a tiger reserve.

1.     It lies in the Nallamala hills
2.     In 2017, endangered species of mouse deer was reintroduced here.
3.     Chenchus tribe are present in the reserve.

Jharkhand

Odisha

Chhattisgarh

Singhbhum ER

Mayurbhanj ER

Mahanadi ER

Sambalpur ER

Baitami ER

South Odisha ER

Lemru ER

Badalkhol-Tamorpingla ER

Assam

Sonitpur ER

Arunachal Pradesh

South Arunachal ER

Nagaland

Dhansiri-Lungding ER

Intanki ER

Singphan ER

West Bengal

Eastern Dooars ER

Khasi Hills ER

Kerala

Tamil Nadu

Andhra Pradesh

Wayanad ER

Nilambur ER

Nilgiri ER

Coimbatore ER

Rayala ER

Kerala

Anamudi ER

Tamil Nadu

Srivilliputhur ER

Uttarakhand

Shivalik ER

1.     The oldest female is the leader of an elephant group.

2.     A breeding pair remains together for around 3 weeks.

3.     Elephants have a life expectancy of around 70 years.

4.     As of 2017 Census, India is home to 27,312 elephants. It accounts for 55% of the total world elephant population.

a.     South India has the highest number of wild elephants- 14,612.

b.    Among the south Indian states, Karnataka leads the table followed by Kerala.

.       Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat is the largest Biosphere Reserve while Dibru-Saikhowa, Assam is the smallest.

2.       Rann of Kachchh:

a.     Tropic of Cancer passes through it.
b.    Luni river drains into it.
c.     Known for Banni Grasslands and Chari-Dhand Wetland Conservation Reserve.

3.       Nanda Devi peak is drained by Rishi Ganga.

4.       Dibru-Saikhowa:

a.     Drained by Brahmaputra river, Lohit river and Dibru river.

5.       Pachmarhi:

a.     Satpura National Park, Bori Sanctuary and Pachmarhi Sanctuary are present.

6.       Achanakamar-Amarkantak:

a.     Drained by Narmada, Johilla and Son river.
b.    Maikal ranges together with Vindhya and Satpura lies within the reserve.

7.       Simlipal:

a.     “Mugger Crocodile Management Programme” was started here.
b.    Famous for Gaurs and Chausingha.

8.       Great Nicobar:

a.     Cambell Bay National Park and Galathea National Park are present.

1.       Godavari Mangroves at Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary (CWLS) are touted to be the second largest mangroves in India. The largest mangrove forest in the world is Sunderbans, West Bengal.

2.       The mangrove forests in Andhra Pradesh are located in the estuaries of Godavari and Krishna rivers.

3.       CWLS, located in Andhra Pradesh is home to several endangered species like fishing cat, flamingoes, pelicans, heron among others.

4.       Hope Island too comes under the purview of CWLS.

Mouling National Park

Painganga Wildlife Sanctuary

 1.       Namdapha National Park

a.        This region is famous for its Diterocarp forests.
b.       Its climate varies from tropical to subtropical, temperate and arctic.
c.        Hoolock Gibbons, only ape in India, is found here.
d.       This protected area is India’s only national park credited with providing a haven to all the three top types of cat- snow leopard, clouded leopard and Bengal tiger.

2.       Nauradehi Sanctuary is the potential site for Cheetah reintroduction.

a.        It spreads across two river basins: Ganges and Narmada

3.       Atapaka bird sanctuary in Kolleru is a breeding ground for pelicans and painted stork.

4.       Nalbana bird sanctuary is the core area of Chilka lake.

5.       Keibul Lamjao National Park

a.        Loktak Lake present in this park is known for ‘floating phumdis’.
b.       Sangai, an endemic and endangered subspecies of brow-antlered deer is found only in this park.

1.       Kolleru Lake

a.     Freshwater Lake
b.    Located between Krishna and Godavari rivers.
c.     Supports Spot-billed Pelicans, Painted Storks as well as the critically endangered Spoon-billed Sandpiper.

2.       Wular Lake

a.     Largest freshwater lake in India.
b.    Situated on the Jhelum river.

3.       Tsomoriri

a.     Brackish lake.

4.       Pong Dam Lake

a.     It is a manmade wetland.

5.       Chilka Lake

a.     Mouth of Daya river.

6.       Ropar and Kanjli Wetland

a.     A manmade wetland

7.       Bhitarkanika Mangroves

a.     Known for salt-water crocodiles, olive ridley.
b.    Brahmani and Baitrani river delta.
c.     This is an important site of wildlife and biodiversity and a protected area.

8.       Bhoj Wetland

a.     Manmade reservoir
b.    Largest bird of India, Sarus Crane is found here.

9.       Keoladeo Ghana National Park

a.     Also known as Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary.
b.    Home of rare Siberian Cranes.

10.    Lonar Lake:

a.     It is situated in Deccan Plateau’s volcanic basalt rock and was created by the impact of a meteor 35,000 to 50,000 years ago.
b.    The lake is a part of Lonar Wildlife Sanctuary which falls under the unified control of Melghat Tiger Reserve.
c.     It is a notified National Geo-heritage Monument.
d.    The water in the lake is highly saline, containing special micro-organisms like anaerobes, cyanobacteria and phytoplankton.

11.    Sur Sarovar Lake:

a.     It is also known as Keetham Lake.
b.    The lake is situated alongside river Yamuna in Agra, Uttar Pradesh.
c.     It has a Beer Rescuing Centre for rescued dancing beers.

Awards by UNEP for environmental work include:

1.       SEED Awards

2.       Champions of the Earth Award

3.       Sasakawa Prize

UNEP has also launched initiatives like:

1.       Faith for Earth Initiative to strategically engage with faith-based organizations and partner with them to collectively achieve SDGs.

2.       UNEP Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) to develop global partnership between UNEP and the financial sector.