Benefits of a National Security Strategy

Source: The post benefits of a National Security Strategy has been created, based on the article “India needs the anchor of a national security strategy” published in “The Hindu” on 26th June 2024

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3– Security

Context: The article argues that India needs a National Security Strategy (NSS). It emphasizes a holistic approach to national security, coordinated long-term planning, and strategic assessment. The NSS would help allocate resources effectively, signal intentions, and ensure government accountability.

For detailed information on National Security Strategy of India read Article 1, Article 2

What Problems Does the New Government Face in National Security?

1. Decision-making on Defense Investments: Choices like whether to build another aircraft carrier need to be made, highlighting resource allocation issues.
2. Implementing Theaterisation: This involves restructuring the military into unified commands, a complex process requiring clear direction and coordination.
3. Managing Strategic Relations: Balancing relationships with powerful nations like the United States and addressing competition with China is crucial.
4. Global Security Trends: Challenges such as climate change, pandemics, and evolving military technologies globally impact India’s security environment, necessitating proactive and strategic responses.

What Are the Benefits of a National Security Strategy?

1. Strategic Assessment: Forces the government to undertake a comprehensive review of threats and opportunities, like China’s growing naval capabilities. Without an NSS, these threats might be overlooked until they become immediate dangers.
2. Long-term Planning: Provides a coherent framework for prioritizing resources. For instance, it can help decide between investing in a new aircraft carrier for the Navy or raising a new infantry division for the Army, preventing waste on less strategic projects.
3. Clear Signaling: Clarifies India’s strategic intent to both allies and adversaries, such as affirming its role as a net security provider in the Indian Ocean.
4. Coordination: Ensures synchronization among military services and national security agencies, promoting consistent efforts rather than episodic coordination.
5. Accountability: Introduces transparency, making the government’s national security plans visible to Parliament and the public, enhancing trust and adherence to political leadership’s intent.

Question for practice:

Discuss the importance of a National Security Strategy (NSS) for India in addressing its current national security challenges and enhancing strategic planning and coordination.