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Source: The post is based on the article “Chandrayaan-3 propulsion module retraces steps to Earth orbit: why it matters” published in “Indian Express” on 7th December 2023
Why in the News?
ISRO has successfully brought back the Propulsion Module (PM) of Chandrayaan-3 from a lunar orbit to an orbit around Earth after it completed its original mission objectives.
What is Chandrayaan-3?
What is the Propulsion Module (PM)?
1) The propulsion module was a part of Chandrayaan-3.
2) The primary objective of the module was to carry the Vikram Lander Module from launch vehicle injection till the final lunar 100 km circular polar orbit and separate the Lander Module from the Propulsion Module.
3) The module also carried a payload called the SpectroPolarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE). It is an experimental instrument to look back at Earth and study the signatures that make it habitable so as to identify habitable exoplanets.
What is the significance of successfully bringing back the Propulsion Module to earth orbit?
1) Planning and execution of Moon-to-Earth trajectories: ISRO gained insights into planning and executing the trajectory and maneuvers required for a small spacecraft to return from the Moon to Earth. This can prove useful for future lunar sample return missions.
2) Software Modules: This experiment helps in developing software modules for future missions that involve returning from the Moon.
3) Gravity-assisted flybys: The knowledge gained can be applied to plan and execute gravity-assisted flybys around other celestial bodies.
UPSC Syllabus: Science and Technology
