China’s advancements in drone and hypersonic technology and their effects on India.

Source: The post China’s advancements in drone and hypersonic technology and their effects on India has been created, based on the article “Keep pace with today’s Al-equipped arms race” published in “Live Mints” on 14th August 2024

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper3- security

Context: The article discusses China’s advancements in drone and hypersonic technology, highlighting its potential military edge in a new Cold War. It warns that India may face challenges in maintaining neutrality and must balance defense spending with economic priorities.

What is China’s New Technological Edge?

1. China recently test-flew a large drone with a 2-tonne payload capacity, bigger than a four-seater Cessna-172, showcasing its advancements in unmanned aircraft technology.
2. Developed by Sichuan Tengden Sci-Tech Innovation Company, this drone is part of China’s growing focus on pilotless aircraft.
3. China’s hypersonic glide vehicles (HGVs), like the DF-ZF, are difficult to detect and track, alarming the US.
4. Drones and HGVs are considered revolutionary in warfare due to their digital guidance via live data-feed, making China a leader in this emerging military technology.

Why Are These Developments Concerning?

1. China’s advancements in drones and hypersonic glide vehicles (HGVs) represent a significant shift in military technology.
2. The DF-ZF, a Chinese HGV, is difficult to detect and track, posing a challenge to the US and its allies.
3. Drones, guided by live data-feed, were effectively used in recent conflicts like the Ukraine and Gaza wars.
4. The mix of missiles and drones used by Iran against Israel highlights the growing threat of these technologies.
5. China’s lead in these technologies could disrupt global military balance, making these developments a significant concern.

How Does This Affect India?

1. China’s advancements in drone and hypersonic technology could challenge India’s strategic autonomy as the US-China rivalry intensifies.
2. India recently tested the Agni-5 missile with multiple warheads, joining an elite group of powers, but still needs to catch up with China’s AI-enabled drones and HGVs.
3. Balancing defense spending with economic stability is crucial to avoid the middle-income trap, a risk both India and China face.
4. India must focus on advancing its defense capabilities without compromising sound economic policies to maintain its global position.

Question for practice:

Discuss how China’s advancements in drone and hypersonic technology impact India’s strategic autonomy and defense priorities.